What is/are the relay molecules for the epinephrine receptors? What is/are the relay molecules for the EGF receptors?

Q: What is the difference between IP3-induced Ca2+ release and Ca2+–induced Ca2+ release?

A: During activation of a GPCR or G-protein coupled receptor, there is further activation of trimeric…

Q: What are specific DNA sites called where oestrogen-receptor complexes bind?

A: The estrogen receptor (ER) is a ligand-activated enhancer protein that is a member of the…

Q: what role does involution play in patterning the nervous system and what experiments show that vg1…

A: Involution is the process of an organ diminishing or returning to its original size. Involution is…

Q: What general name identifies cells that respond to a specifichormone?

A: Hormones are the chemical messenger which are synthesized by the endocrine glands. Based upon their…

Q: List the components of a simple endocrine reflex.

A: In the human body, there are various aspects like blood and sugar levels, pH, blood pressure, sleep…

Q: How are autocrine and paracrine signaling different?

A: According to the cell theory laid out by Matthias Jakob Schleiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolf…

Q: Does the Brain Have Specific Protein Receptors forOpiates?

A: Seven-transmembrane domain receptors or G protein-coupled receptors or GPCRs belong to a family of…

Q: What are the cells that produce androgens, and where are they located?

A: Introduction  Androgens are the group of hormones commonly sex hormones. The most common androgen is…

Q: Explain why prostaglandins are considered to be localhormones.

A: Prostaglandins are a type of hormone that are formed at the site of any tissue damage. In case of…

Q: what Protien ligand interacts the EPH RECEPTOR EPHB2 and what drug binds to the receptor.  give…

A: EPH RECEPTOR EPHB2 is a cell surface receptor. Eph stands for Erythropoietin-producing hepatoma. It…

Q: How do nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), such as aspirin reduce inflammation ? O They…

A: NSAIDs are a class of drugs that functions to reduce inflammation. It helps to prevent pain, blood…

Q: The ultimate goal of cortical rotation is... to move disheveled protein into place to maintain Veg1…

A: Cortical rotation changes the position of mRNAs and proteins. It is a microtubule mediated process.

Q: What is the role of the adrenal cortex & medulla in the fight or flight response?   I know that…

A: The adrenal (or suprarenal) glands are paired endocrine glands situated over the medial aspect of…

Q: What are the main functional roles for Ca2+-signalling in neurons and how is the concentration of…

A: Calcium is an important intracellular messenger that regulates a plethora of neuronal processes such…

Q: List and give examples of the three different chemical classes ofhormones, and describe some of…

A: Hormones are chemical messengers and help in the growth and development of organisms. The different…

Q: How do nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), such as aspirin reduce inflammation ? O They…

A: NSAIDs drugs are used to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation of infected or injured tissues.…

Q: What proteins within a cell are phosphorylated when a positive inotropic agent activates the cAMP…

A: The nucleus of the circulatory system is the heart. The heart is exquisitely able to match cardiac…

Q: Which of the following occurs as a result of a ligand binding to a Gi-coupled receptor? CAMP is…

A: Gi-coupled receptors are a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that activates the inhibitory G…

Q: During exercise, how does sympathetic nervous systemactivity regulate blood glucose levels? Name…

A: Sympathetic nervous system activation results in fight-or-flight response. Stress hormones are…

Q: Why does the oestrogen receptor undergo dimerization?

A: Estrogen is a female sexual hormone that is responsible for secondary sexual characters in females.…

Q: The signaling pathway by which inactive J3 larvae become active and mature involves cGMP, PDE, ACh,…

A: J3 larvae refer to the third stage of the juvenile (or larval) development of certain nematode…

Q: Which of the following statements about endocrine signalling hormones is TRUE a) They are only…

A: These can be soluble in both lipids and water. Endocrine signals can pass through blood stream but…

Q: What is the importance of PRF (prolactin-releasing factors) in humans?

A: The hormone is known as the chemical messenger of the biological organism. It is secreted from an…

Q: Are these leading neural crest cells expressing membrane receptors orsecreting diffusible proteins…

A: Neural crest cells are the assembly of cells that are significant only to vertebrates and originate…

Q: Identify molecule (1) in the pathway of hormonal regulation illustrated below: (A) ion channel (B)…

A: In the given image, we are shown signal transduction pathway in which a hormone is binding to a…

Q: Mutations in the EGF receptor can cause nonstop activation

A: Epidermal growth factor receptor is transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase. It belongs to ErbB…

Q: Describe and give examples of the three major wayshormone secretion is stimulated and inhibited

A: There are three main types of hormones: lipid-derived, amino acid-derived and peptide. Lipid-derived…

Q: What is the difference between long-loop and short-loop negativefeedback in the…

A: To explain: To explain the difference between long-loop and short-loop negative feedback in the…

Q: Hello, please answer the following Physiology question correctly and fully. Please answer both parts…

A: Vascular endothelial growth factor pathway is the type of pathway in which the circulatory system of…

Q: effect of IGF on the release of GHRH from the hypothalamus.  List 3 of the 5 hormones are involved…

A: IGF activates NKB secretion which leads to NK3R activated suppression of DYN secretion. By…

Q: List and describe the three stimulatory influences onhormone secretion and give examples of each.

A: There are three mechanisms by which endocrine glands are stimulated to synthesize and release…

Q: What are the different effects that calcium ions have as second messengers? Where are most of the…

A: The cell signaling is the process of cell communication within the body. It is the ability of cells…

Q: When the researchers instead used tissue from intestinal musclesrather than brains, they found no…

A: A drug is a substance which is prescribed to treat an infection or disease. It changes the…

Q: Glucagon causes production of which activates Insulin causes production of which activates -

A: Glucagon and insulin are hormones released from alpha and bets cells of pancreas, respectively.…

Q: Hello, please answer the following Physiology question correctly, and completely. Please answer both…

A: VEGF receptors are receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These receptors play an…

Q: Why is there normally a latent period between the time ahormone binds to its receptor and the time…

A: Hormones are chemical messengers which are secreted by endocrine glands and transported through the…

Q: Give the example of the epinephrine signal and the response...

A: Cell communicate with the help of chemical signals and these signals are proteins or molecules which…

Q: How Do Signal-Transducing Receptors Respondto the Hormonal Message?

A: Hormones are biomolecules that act as second messengers. They travel through the bloodstream to…

Q: Match the following to the appropriate receptor pathway: Vitamin D Receptor Choose... Heat Shock…

A: A receptor is a molecule that receives signals and is typically a protein. Small molecules, such as…

Q: what are the symptoms of covid-19?

A: Symptoms of Covid-19: Covid -19 affects different people in different ways.  Most common symptoms:…

Q: What is the general description for the role of TSH in stimulating T3 and T4 secretion?

A: The pituitary gland is a bean-shaped gland present in the brain. It is principally responsible for…

Q: An HIV patient suffers from pneumonia, an opportunistic infection commonly associated with HIV. This…

A: A wide range of microorganisms can cause opportunistic infections. These pathogens can spread in a…