What is the Red Queen Dynamic?  Using the snail example, explain why different parasite and host genotypes are expected to oscillate in frequency?  Why would this favor sexual reproduction or outcrossing?

Describe and give example of Gametic on Adaptation and Speciation

Scientists studying reproduction compared three closely related species of bagworm moths. The reproductive methods for these species are given in the table. Which of the following research questions would provide additional information about the population level impacts of meiosis and sexual reproduction? A - How do the number of D. charlottae offspring compare with the number of S. rupicolella offspring? B - Do D. charlottae and S. rupicolella populations express greater genetic diversity than D. fennicella populations? C - Are the offspring of D. fennicella genetically unique compared to the offspring of D. charlottae and S. rupicolella? D - Does crossing-over in D. fennicella result in increased genetic variation compared to D. charlottae and S. rupicolella?

Are the following primates (same species) exhibiting sexual dimorphism? Explain your reasoning:

What is the difference between prezygotic and postzygotic reproductive isolating mechanisms? List some different types of each.

Enumerate and give at least 5 unique mechanisms employed by organisms in order to determine the sex of the offspring. In each case, give an example of a species which represent such a scheme of producing sex(y) descendants. Put reference Mechanism Example 1   2   3   4   5   What evolutionary forces drive the turnover of these sex determination mechanisms?

What is the importance of genetic variation that is seen as a result of processes such as crossing over and random fertilization that take place within mitosis/meiosis? What purpose do they serve for the survival of a species?

A liver cell in a crocodile contains 32 chromosomes. Which of the following correctly shows the haploid cell in a crocodile and the number of chromosomes expected to be found in a haploid cell? A B C D sperm cell, 32 chromosomes brain cell, 16 chromosomes egg cell, 16 chromosomes muscle cell, 32 chromosomes

What mechanisms determine castes in honey bees and termites?

We learned from hermaphroditic snails in New Zealand and C. elegans that populations that are undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction in the same population can alter the frequency of outcrossing resulting in changes in genetic diversity. Identify the statement that accurately reflects a real result.   a. Sexual reproduction prevents the ability of snails and worms to coevolve with their parasites.   b. Sexual reproduction frequency increases in the presence of a stressor, like pathogens and parasites.   c. Asexual reproduction is favored when there are pathogens and parasites in the environment.   d. Asexual reproduction enables the Red Queen hypothesis to play out and enable the pathogen to win.