What is the quantity of creatinine excretion in 24 hours relatively constant for normal person?
Q: What is creatinine, and what might an increase in its concentration in the blood suggest about renal…
A: Kidney is the chief excretory organ in the humans. Nephrons are the structural and functional unit…
Q: What effect does an overproduction of the hormone aldosterone have on the concentration of sodium…
A: Aldosterone is made by the adrenal gland which regulates the blood pressure by increasing the salt…
Q: How would uncontrolled diabetes mellitus affect urinary SG?
A: Answer: DIABETES MELLITUS = It is the chronic disease in which pancrease secreting insulin does not…
Q: What are the sources of creatinine excreted in the urine?
A: Muscle contraction requires the use of energy and it is obtained from different sources. The waste…
Q: List the sequence of events leading from increased renin secretionto increased aldosterone…
A: The functions of kidneys are regulated controlled by juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) by operating a…
Q: A patient has a tumor in the adrenal cortex that continuously secretes large amounts of aldosterone.…
A: Answer- Aldosterone is the hormone secreted from the adrenal cortex. it result in the regulation of…
Q: After about 6 weeks of fasting, the production of urea isdecreased. Explain.
A: When the person is fasting for few days, his body will be in a starved state. The muscle decreases…
Q: Explain anti-diuretic hormone.
A: A chemical substance that is secreted in an organ and carried by the blood to various tissues of the…
Q: Explain how the nervous system and the excretory system have to work together to maintain water…
A: Hypothalamus controls the activity of the pituitary gland. Pituitary gland is attached to middle of…
Q: What effect does insulin have on the plasma?
A: (Please note question should be : What effect does insulin have on the plasma glucose level? Answer…
Q: What effect does an increase in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) have on the volume of extracellular fluid…
A: Antidiuretic hormone: - This hormone is released in the posterior pituitary gland and formed by…
Q: What causes GHRH to be released from neurosecretory nerve terminals of these actuate neurons?
A: There are various hormones that are released by the body and all the initiating hormone is…
Q: Explain The four neurohumoral inputs to parietal cells that regulate acid secretion by generating…
A: The cells are the primary unit of life. Based on the number of cells an organism may be unicellular…
Q: What are the other uses of measuring creatinine excretion?
A: Creatinine is a non-protein nitrogenous compound that is produced by the breakdown of creatine in…
Q: What is Potassium Regulation? What are its side effects?
A: The potassium ion helps in the functioning of the nerves and contraction of the muscles. It also…
Q: How does parathyroid homone control the plasma calcium?
A: Hormones are chemical carriers that pass information from cell to cell or tissue to tissue in the…
Q: What controls the secretion of aldosterone under these circumstances?
A: Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that is discharged from the external layer of the adrenal cortex…
Q: Which is the major stimulus for glucagon secretion?
A: Pancreas consist of islets of langerhans.there are 3 types of cell present α,β,δ cells i-e…
Q: what makes people with diabetes mellitus urinate so much?
A: Diabetes is a set of metabolic disorders, in which kidneys are not able to perform properly.…
Q: What three hormones do the kidneys secrete into the blood?
A: The hormone is the biological messenger of the body. It is manufactured in specific locations of the…
Q: Why did the addition of ADH also affect the concentration of potassium in the urine (compared with…
A: Aldosterone is a steroid drug. It regulates the balance of minerals in the body. It is produced by…
Q: Why is collecting blood in the foot prohibited for patients with diabetes mellitus?
A: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders that results in high blood glucose levels. There…
Q: In patients with diabetes mellitus, not enough insulin is produced; as a consequence, blood glucose…
A: Due to the condition of diabetes mellitus, blood glucose level increases manifolds as a result of…
Q: What hormone decreases the blood pressure by increasing urination?
A: Blood pressure:It is defined as the pressure of the blood inside the arteries.
Q: how does aldosterone affect water and sodium reabsorption and secretion of potassium in the…
A: Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that is produced in the cortex region of the adrenal gland. Its…
Q: Where do hormones ADH, PTH, and Aldosterone have their target cells (where do they act in the…
A: Maintaining a correct water balance within the body is very important to avoid dehydration or…
Q: Why is an increase in the concentration of intracellular calcium injurious?
A: Introduction :- Numerous fundamental cellular activities, such as cellular motility,…
Q: In diabetes mellitus, explain the chain of events that leadto (a) osmotic diuresis, (b) ketoacidosis…
A: The main cause of kidney dysfunction, gangrene, adult blindness, and amputation of limbs is diabetes…
Q: a. What is the effect of aldosterone on sodium, potassium and water reabsorption in the kidneys? a.…
A: a. Aldosterone acts on renal tubules to cause an increase in reabsorption of sodium ions and water…
Q: How does intrarenal acute renal failure differ from postrenal failure?
A: Acute renal failure (ARF) is defined as a rapid decline in renal function that results in the…
Q: The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a disorder of impaired…
A: Primary polydipsia maybe because of harm to the thirst-regulating mechanism within the hypothalamus.…
Q: High serum uric acid levels are linked to _____________,_____________, _____________, _____________,…
A: The breakdown of purines forms the uric acid which is removed by the kidneys as a waste byproduct.…
Q: What is the relationship between plasma glucose concentration and reabsorption rate of glucose?
A: The filtered glucose amount increases with the increase in plasma glucose concentration. In healthy…
Q: What is the significance of normal constituents of urine, indican and creatinine, when present…
A: Urine is formed by kidneys and it is an excretory product. The analysis of urine composition gives…
Q: ADH and RAAS exert their effects on urine formation in the kidney
A: Kidneys help in eliminating waste from the body through the formation of urine.
Q: What are the major molecules that serve in the excretion ofnitrogen?
A: The two major component of nitrogen excretion is UREA AND AMMONIA.
Q: What is the significance of abnormality of high concentration of uric acid in the urine
A: A uric acid test measures the amount of uric acid in the body. Uric acid is a chemical that is…
Q: What do natriuretic peptides do in relation to sodium and water homeostasis?
A: The water content within the body is highly regulated by different homeostasis mechanism that…
Q: Is an increase in albumin excretion observed only in pathological urine? Why or why not?
A: Introduction : Serum albumin is a type of protein that may be found in blood plasma. It plays an…
Q: creatinine excretion
A: An increased serum creatinine range indicates that the kidneys are not working properly. The…
Q: What is the function of NaCl in urine formation?
A: Urinary system involves in the clearing or filtering the blood and ridding of wastes that produced…
Q: How bad to have high or low sodium intake in the diet?
A: Sodium acts as both an electrolyte and mineral in our body. The normal sodium intake should be…
Q: how is glucose reabsorbed in the proximal tubule?
A: The kidneys filter unwanted substances from the blood and produce urine to excrete them. There are…
Q: What will happen to urine production if ADH is higher or lower than normal?
A: Antidiuretic hormone is also called vasopressin.It is a hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus but…
What is the quantity of creatinine excretion in 24 hours relatively constant for normal person?
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- All of the following are true about glucose recovery from the tubule fluid, except (choose the incorrect statement): A. All filtered glucose is released in the PCT unless plasma glucose abnormally high B. It is reabsorbed by coupling with Na+ recovery via a sodium glucose cotransporter C. Glucose recovery is made possible by low intracellular Na+ concentrations created by the NaK pump D. The CD recovers any glucose that is not reabsorbed by the PCT nephron loop and DCT this is not and will not be gradedWrestlers often fast and dehydrate to stay in a specific weight class. What abnormal urine values may be shown during the urinalysis of a wrestler? Explain.Why did the addition of ADH also affect the concentration of potassium in the urine (compared with baseline)?
- Steven is a 35 year old male. To gain a better understanding of fluid requirement, you have decided to calculate his hourly sweat rate. You have collected the following data: · Exercise duration: 2 hours· Pre-exercise body mass: 85kg· Post-exercise body mass: 82.5kg· Fluid consumed during exercise: 350mL· Urine loss during exercise: 50mL From this data, what is his hourly sweat rate? Based on this, how much fluid should he consume during training?(a) Identify the two reactions that allow the kidney to produce NH4+. (b) Which gluconeogenic precursor is thereby generated? Describe thepathway by which it can be converted to glucose.Renin is secreted in response to hypovolemia or to an increase in the osmolality of the blood. Provide three possible mechanisms by which these conditions may stimulate rennin secretion. What are the consequences of increased rennin secretion that lead to increased aldosterone secretion? Present this sequence of events. Why are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) used as a common therapy for hypertension? How do they influence blood pressure? Are plasma levels of renin elevated or depressed in a patient with Conn’s disease? Why?
- The presence of compounds in urine, depending on the level or range, are indications of underlying disorders. Using glucose as an example, what does the presence of this compound in the urine indicate? And after seeing this compound consecutively in the result, what would be the best course of action to take?A. Maintenance of fluid balance is important for the survival of humans. How does antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone contributes to the maintenance of fluid balance?(ii) High blood pressure can result from increased sodium concentration of plasma. What is the main hormone involved in regulation of sodium and how does it affect the sodium content of blood?(iii) Compare intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid in terms of their chemical composition of proteins, sodium and potassium.(b) Explain the morphological changes that will occur and the driving force when red blood cells are place in (i) 2.0 % sodium chloride solution (ii) 0.9 % sodium chloride solution (iii) 0.01 % sodium chloride solution 1. What are the 4 causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage? 2. State the factors involved in congenital berry or saccular aneurysm 3. Mention 5 specific brain tumors that you know. 4. What is dura mater, arachnoid matter and pia matter? 5. What is meningioma 6. What is acute subdural hematoma 7.…What are the physiological implications of excreting waste nitrogen in the form of urate, urea, or ammonia?