Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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- Darwin’s insights into the role of selection in evolution began with close observations of the enormous
phenotypic variation among different pure-breeding varieties of domesticated pigeons. Study of varieties found in any domesticated species could provide similar insights. For comparison, we’d like to know what degree of phenotypic variation might be expected among the domesticated peas available to Mendel.
a. Mendel began his work with pairs of varieties from the breeders that differed from each other in just one trait (corresponding to one gene difference, as we now know) out of the 7 traits he studied. These pairs could be obtained by self-pollinating an individual from an advanced generation that was pure-breeding for 6 of the traits but heterozygous for the 7th.
i. What is the probability of finding an example plant in the F10 generation?
ii. What is the probability of finding an example plant in the F4 generation? [Note: this probability is higher than that for the F10 generation or the F3 generation. What qualitative reason might there be?
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- Imagine you cross two closely related plant varieties: Maize and teosinte. You hypothesize that different alleles at just 5 genes are responsible for all the trait differences between the two plants. You take two inbred parent lines and cross them together to produce an F1 and then cross two F1 individuals together to produce F2 offspring. What proportion of the offspring do you expect to look exactly like each of the parent lines if your hypothesis is correct? Please show work using punnet squares.arrow_forwardFigure 6.3 Identify these connective tissues.arrow_forwardIn humans, the allele for a widow's peak (W) is dominant to the allele for a straight hairline (w). If a person's genotype is Ww, what will their phenotype be? A Homozygous B Heterozygous C Widow’s peak D Straight hairline Answer is C. Widow's peak? Can you help me to explain to me step by steparrow_forward
- Describe in quantitative detail Mendel's results using single traits, for all 3 generations we described in class (P, F₁, and F₂).arrow_forwardIn his work on pea plants, Mendel found that plant height was inherited independently of the type or color of the seed coat. This finding: Group of answer choices Explains gene linkage. Demonstrates the Law of Independent Assortment. Demonstrates the Law of Dominance and Recessiveness. Applies only to genes on the same chromosome.arrow_forwardDuring his study of the rare Idlewild Lady Slipper (a wild orchid), Dr. Jorge Whiteback discovered several variants of the typical “wild-type” phenotype. He found two varieties of lady slippers at different elevations: a lady slipper variety found in the valley with red flowers and a lady slipper found at higher elevations with white flowers. When Dr. Whiteback did controlled crosses between lady slippers with red flowers and lady slippers with white flowers, all the offspring of this cross had pink flowers. After allowing pink flowering lady slippers to self-fertilize, the next generation of plants had 112 red flowering plants, 218 pink flowering plants, and 108 white flowering plants. part a)What mode of inheritance would best explain the results of Dr. Whiteback’s crosses? part b)How many genes and how many different alleles of these gene(s) are determining flower color according to your mode of inheritance? c) Define alleles using the appropriate notation for your answer in (a)…arrow_forward
- Why was Mendel’s success dependent on his studying characteristics that exhibit only two easily distinguished phenotypes, such as white versus gray seed coats and round versus wrinkled seeds? Would he have been less successful if he had instead studied traits like seed weight or length of the leaves, which vary much more in their phenotypes? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardTwo genes are found in a chameleon, one for camouflage (dull colors dominant to vibrant colors) and another for muscle strength (strong dominant to weak), which seem to follow basic Mendelian inheritance patterns, To determine if they are linked, you set up a testcross and got the following results: Phenotype Number of Progeny Dull colors; Strong 98 Dull colors; Weak 76 Vibrant colors; Strong 72 Vibrant colors; Weak 105 Did you start this experiment with the genes in coupling or repulsion? O Coupling O Repulsion O Cannot determine with this informationarrow_forwardMendel's principle of segregation [Select] [Select] demonstrates why a pea plant can be tall with round seeds or short with round seeds * Previous demonstrates that offspring get one copy of each chromosome from each parent demonstrates that the inheritance of one trait can affect the inheritance of another trait. even when they're on different chromosomes demonstrates that when populations are segregated they are more likely to evolve quicklyarrow_forward
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