What is the main difference between cytochrome c and ubiquinone? What is theirsimilarity? Where is cytochrome c active? and also What are the three sources of amino acids for oxidation?

Q: What are the differences between b-oxidation in mitochondria and in peroxisomes? What similarities…

A: Fatty acids are metabolized in the body by beta-oxidation. The beta-oxidation can take place in the…

Q: What is the function of citrate in cellular respiration?

A: Cellular respiration is the metabolic process that takes place inside the cell. In this, the cells…

Q: What citric acid cycle enzyme is also a component of the electrontransport chain?

A: Glucose is catabolized to form two molecules of pyruvate via glycolysis. Glycolysis produces two ATP…

Q: Why are biosynthetic pathways likely to involve oxidation?

A: Biosynthetic pathways are characterized pathways for the biosynthesis of a chemical compound in a…

Q: What are some types of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that require pyridoxal phosphate as a coenzyme?

A: Pyridoxal phosphate serves as a coenzyme for several enzyme-catalyzed reactions. It is an active…

Q: What is the function of cytochrome c oxidase?

A: Cytochromes oxidase also is known as complex IV. It is the terminal enzyme of the electron transport…

Q: How does oxidation of a molecule occur without oxygen?

A: The terms oxidation and reduction can be defined in terms of adding or removing oxygen to a…

Q: What are the hydrogen electron acceptors for aerobic and anaerobic respiration as well as in…

A: Chemotrophs, lithotrophs, and heterotrophs all have cellular respiration. It starts when electrons…

Q: In a single pass through of the b-oxidation pathway, what are products that can be used in a…

A: Introduction: The fatty acids present in our diet or produced through the degradation of…

Q: What does it mean to say that during cellular respiration, electron carriers are reduced while the…

A: Let’s imagine we have  a cell. The cell has just been given a big, juicy glucose molecule, and we…

Q: Which of the following catalyzes the reduction of oxygen by using the electrons released from…

A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the process of producing ATP by using the proton gradient generated by…

Q: How does cellular respiration benefit life on earth if it is a catabolic process?

A: Cellular respiration refers to intracellular oxidation of food to form ATP and reducing powers. It…

Q: Is the reduced form of cytochrome c more likely to give up its electron to oxidized cytochrome a or…

A: In mitochondria, cytochrome c is an element of the electron transport chain. Electrons from the bc1…

Q: What is succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)? How is it useful in determining mitochondria activity in your…

A: Mitochondria is most commonly known as the "powerhouse of the cell." It has its own genetic…

Q: what is the metabolic reaction of propinoyl CoA carboxylase?

A: Propinoyl CoA carboxylase is an enzyme responsible for carboxylation reaction. Propinoyl CoA is…

Q: How many cycles of β oxidation are necessary to completely catabolize palmitic acid ( CH3(CH2)14COOH…

A: Introduction: Fats are important sources of energy for our body as 1g of fat gives 9kcal of energy.…

Q: What is the basic process of β-oxidation? What happens to the resulting acetyl-CoA groups?

A: β-oxidation is the metabolic pathway that help to generate energy

Q: How do the roles of ubiquinone and cytochrome c differ from the roles of the other components of the…

A: The electron transport chain is the aerobic respiration last component and is the part of glucose…

Q: The coenzymes NAD and FAD can “shuttle” hydrogens from one reaction to another. How does this…

A: Introduction: Coenzymes are organic compounds required by many enzymes for catalytic activity. They…

Q: Why are oxidation–reduction reactions important?

A: A redox reaction or an oxidation-reduction reaction can be described as a type of chemical reaction…

Q: Two enzymes participating in beta-oxidation have the word “thio” in their names. Name the two…

A: Beta-oxidation is the catabolic mechanism through which fatty acid molecules are disintegrated to…

Q: What is an oxidation-reduction reaction and why are such reactions considered so important in…

A: Energy production inside a cell includes many coordinated chemical pathways. The greater part of…

Q: Why does FAD accepts 2 protons in dehydration of succinate to fumarate? Why dont NAD molecules…

A: In the Citric Acid Cycle, The FAD accepts 2 protons in dehydration to fumarate. Here we will discuss…

Q: What is the coenzyme of Phosphofructokinase-1

A: Coenzyme is a non-protein compound that binds to the enzyme tightly or loosely which involves…

Q: How are the two redox reactions of b-oxidation different from their counterparts in fatty-acid…

A: Fatty acid synthesis is the production of fatty acid while beta oxidation is the process involved in…

Q: How do the first three reactions in β-oxidation prepare the fatty acid for the fourth reaction?

A: Beta-oxidation is the catabolic process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down in the cytosol…

Q: With H2 as electron donor, why is reduction of Fe3+ a morefavorable reaction than reduction of…

A: Step 1 In anaerobic respiration, a molecule other than oxygen is utilised as the terminal electron…

Q: Each of the cytochromes in the mitochondrion contains prosthetic groups. What is a prosthetic group?…

A: Conjugated proteins have prosthetic group with apoprotein. Apoprotein - The protein part of the…

Q: Which cytochrome P450-catalyzed reaction is shown below? R-CH,NH2 [R-CH=NH] Oxidation of aromatic…

A: Cytochrome P450 is an enzyme that catalyzes various reactions such as oxidation, hydroxylation,…

Q: What property of the various cytochromes ensures unidirectional electron flow along the…

A: Cytochromes, a family of metalloproteins which performs one-electron transfer reactions, in…

Q: Is citriate and ATP a product or substrate of Phosphofructokinase-2 or Phosphofructokinase-1?

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that involves the hydrolysis of hexose sugar glucose into…

Q: What does cytochrome oxidase do?

A: Cytochromes belongs to the family of colored proteins. In photosynthesis, it facilitates the…

Q: Why is lipid metabolism also known as a β-oxidation reaction?

A: It is asked why is lipid metabolism also known as a β-oxidation reaction?

Q: What what is an oxidation-reduction process, and why are they so vital in cellular metabolism?

A: All cells function as biochemical factories. Within living cell, biomolecules are constantly being…

Q: How many cycles of b-oxidation are required to process a fatty acid with 17 carbons?

A: A fatty acid is the simplest form of lipids that is a long chain of hydrocarbon attached to the…

Q: Which of the following carries electrons from the NADH dehydrogenase complex to the cytochrome c…

A: Ans. In a sequence of three large protein complexes, called NADH-Q oxidoreductase, Q-cytochrome c…

Q: What atom in the cytochromes undergoes oxidation and reduction in the electron-transport chain? What…

A: The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is the last step of aerobic respiration,…

Q: Which steps are coenzymes formed? What are these molecules? Is the reaction to form them endergonic…

A: Coenzymes are often broadly called cofactors, but they are chemically different.A coenzyme is an…

Q: How does changing the concentration of enzyme affect the rate of decomposition of H2O2?

A: Enzyme Enzymes are globular protein molecules that catalyze a given reaction in a time-dependent…

Q: Draw a six-carbon saturated fatty acid and show where the double bond is created during the first…

A: Introduction Before undergoing β-oxidation, fatty acids are activated to form fatty acyl-CoA in the…

Q: How does the switch from the two-electron carrier ubiquinol to the one-electron carrier cytochrome c…

A: The electron transport chain occurs in mitochondria in both the processes of photosynthesis as well…

Q: What are consequences of the metabolism of ethanol by the cytochrome P450 system and also its…

A: The impacts of alcohol on different tissues of the human body are determined by the amount of…

Q: What are the steps of beta-oxidation pathway?

A: The fatty acids’ oxidation take place in mitochondria, where they are converted into acetyl-CoA via…

Q: Why do the cytochrome electron-transfer processes have different standard reduction potentials,…

A: The propensity of chemical species to absorb electrons from the electrode or lose electrons from the…

Q: What are the structural differences between vitamin C and sugars? Do these structural differences…

A: Vitamin C has a furanose structure with a double bond and two OH group attached to a double bond…

Q: Why are the first three steps in cellular respiration considered catabolic?

A: Catabolic process is the process, which break down large molecule into smaller units, that are…

Q: What reaction does cytochrome c oxidase?

A: Cytochromes belongs to the family of colored proteins. In photosynthesis, it facilitates the…

Q: What is electron bifurcation and what role does it play inacetogens?

A: An acetogen is a microorganism that produces acetate as the end product of fermentation or anaerobic…