Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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What is the difference between primitive and advanced species and why is it now considered wrong to call a species primitive?
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- Below is a phylogeny depicting the relationship among eight animal species (A to H). Next to the species names are the tooth morphology of each species. For example, species A has prominent molar teeth, thus likely a herbivore. On the other hand, species C has prominent canine teeth, thus likely a carnivore. Which of the following statements is correct? The most recent common ancestor for species A to H is probably a carnivore. The most recent common ancestor for species A to H is probably a herbivore. It is impossible to tell what the main food source is for the most recent common ancestor of species A to H. For species C, D, E, F, G, there are four evolutionary events that lead to the evolution of canine tooth morphology. IF the common ancestor of species C, D, E, F, G is a carnivore, then the molar teeth for species D is a plesiomorphy.arrow_forwardAssuming the Denisovans, Neanderthals, and humans were able to interbreed, what does this tell you about their species status according to the biological species concept?arrow_forwardWhat is the full taxonomic classification of humans (from Kingdom to Species), and what are some of the traits we have of each of these categories?arrow_forward
- What are homologous structures? A body structure that is present in one lineage but absent in another closely related lineage. Body structures that are similar but evolved independently in different lineages Body structures that are similar in different lineages because they are derived from a feature present in a common ancestorarrow_forwardExamine the image of the relatedness of vertebrates represented in this phylogenetic tree. Which statements are correctly inferred from this tree? Select all that apply. A) The mammals are the outgroup in this tree. B) Birds and dinosaurs share a recent common ancestor. C) Mammals and birds are more closely related than any other species. D) Turtles are equally as diverged from lizards and snakes as they are from crocodiles. E) Lizards and snakes are more recently diverged from each other than they are from crocodiles.arrow_forwardwhy is it more difficult to assign species designations for paleo species than it is for extant species?arrow_forward
- You are studying two variations of banana slugs. They have similar coloration and live in the same habitat. Although they are physically able to mate, there are no offspring that survive embryologic development. What can you conclude about the banana slugs? * Pre-zygotic barriers have forced them to be separate species. They are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Microevolution is occurring in both variations. They are two separate species. Two species of toads are reproductively isolated due to the fact that one species mates in early summer and one in late summer. Both species of toads evolved from a common ancestor. What type of speciation occurred?* OAllopatricarrow_forwardWhat does the regional variation in archaic Homo sapiens represent in terms of the broader story of our species evolution?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding vestigial traits? A) They represent transitional character states for example between the presence or absence of a feature. B) They help to support proposed phylogenetic placement. C) They are likely present because there is no fitness cost to their retention or because they are in the process of being removed due to light selective pressure. D) All of the above. E) None of the above.arrow_forward
- To test evolutionary hypotheses, you make a phylogeny of a group of organisms based on six traits: A B 1 2 E 5 2 1= singing 2= nest-building 3 = short legs 4 = hollow snout 5= crest J L M 6 = tree dwelling a) Based on your phylogeny, did hollow snouts evolve to allow singing? Explain your answer. b) Your friend wants to put all of the species that have hollow snouts into a single taxonomic group. Is this a good taxonomic group? Explain your answer. 4.arrow_forwardWhat traits support classifying H. habilis and H. rudolfensis as separate species?arrow_forwarda) What is the best estimate (mean age), in millions of years, for the divergence of the clade containing the American Giant Short Faced Bear from the clade containing the Sloth Bear? b) According to Figure 1, bears as a group experienced substantial evolutionary radiation near what geological boundary? c) True or False. An entire clade of bears has gone extinct because the two extinct bear species in the figure are sister species. d) What bears are the nearest relatives of the Sun Bear?arrow_forward
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