What is the defensemechanism that begins towork when inflammation failsto stop an infection?

(36) A 24- year old man begins cyclosporine following kidney trasnplantation. Cyclosporine decreases the chances of transplant rejection in this patient by of the following mechanisms of action? (A) Decreasing apoptosis of T and B lymphocytes (B) Decreasing class 2 MHC antigen expression (C) Increasing interleukin-1 (IL-1) by CD4 -T lymphocytes (D) Inhibiting calcineurin, thus decreasing the trasncription of cytokine genes (E) Inhibiting de novo pathway for purine synthesis

It's the first day of university exams and Sarah has woken up with a sore throat, headache, muscle aches and a low grade fever. Her GP diagnoses her with a viral infection and tells her to go home, rest and drink plenty of fluids.Question 1A:Name one of the most likely innate immune system receptors to initially detect this infection and where in host cells this receptor is located? Question 1B: Which cytokine primarily drives the innate anti-viral host response? Question 1C: Describe the antiviral signaling events that take place inside an infected cell in response to this cytokine. Question 1D: Provide a biological explanation for why Sarah was more likely to suffer a viral infection during her period

What are the neuronal and muscle properties that support the size principle of recruitment?