1 Matter And Measurements 2 Atoms, Molecules, And Ions 3 Mass Relations In Chemistry; Stoichiometry 4 Reactions In Aqueous Solution 5 Gases 6 Electronic Structure And The Periodic Table 7 Covalent Bonding 8 Thermochemistry 9 Liquids And Solids 10 Solutions 11 Rate Of Reaction 12 Gaseous Chemical Equilibrium 13 Acids And Bases 14 Equilibria In Acid-base Solutions 15 Complex Ion And Precipitation Equilibria 16 Spontaneity Of Reaction 17 Electrochemistry 18 Nuclear Reactions 19 Complex Ions 20 Chemistry Of The Metals 21 Chemistry Of The Nonmetals 22 Organic Chemistry 23 Organic Polymers, Natural And Synthetic Chapter17: Electrochemistry
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1QAP: Balance the following half-equations. Balance (a) and (b) in basic medium, (c) and (d) in acidic... Problem 2QAP: Balance the following half-equations. Balance (a) and (b) in acidic medium, (c) and (d) in basic... Problem 3QAP Problem 4QAP: Balance the following reactions in acid: (a) H2O2(aq)+Ni2+(aq)Ni3+(aq)+H2O (b)... Problem 5QAP: Write balanced equations for the following reactions in acid solution. (a)... Problem 6QAP: Write balanced equations for the following reactions in acid solution. (a) P4(s)+Cl(aq)PH3(g)+Cl2(g)... Problem 7QAP Problem 8QAP: Write balanced net ionic equations for the following reactions in basic medium. (a)... Problem 9QAP: Write balanced net ionic equations for the following reactions in acid solution. (a) Liquid... Problem 10QAP Problem 11QAP: Write a balanced chemical equation for the overall cell reaction represented as (a)... Problem 12QAP: Write a balanced net ionic equation for the overall cell reaction represented as (a) Cd|Cd2+Sb3+|Sb.... Problem 13QAP: Draw a diagram for a salt bridge cell for each of the following reactions. Label the anode and... Problem 14QAP: Follow the directions in Question 13 for the following reactions: (a) Sn(s)+2Ag+(aq)Sn2+(aq)+2Ag(s)... Problem 15QAP: Consider a voltaic salt bridge cell represented by the following reaction:... Problem 16QAP: Consider a salt bridge voltaic cell represented by the following reaction... Problem 17QAP: Consider a salt bridge cell in which the anode is a manganese rod immersed in an aqueous solution of... Problem 18QAP: Follow the directions in Question 17 for a salt bridge cell in which the anode is a platinum rod... Problem 19QAP Problem 20QAP: Which species in each pair is the stronger reducing agent? (a) Cl- or Br- (b) Cu or Ni (c) Hg22+ or... Problem 21QAP: Using Table 17.1, arrange the following reducing agents in order of increasing strength. Br- Zn Co... Problem 22QAP: Use Table 17.1 to arrange the following oxidizing agents in order of increasing strength: Mn2+ S... Problem 23QAP: Consider the following species. Cr3+ Hg(l) H2 (acidic) Sn2+Br2 (acidic) Classify each species as... Problem 24QAP: Follow the directions of Question 23 for the following species: Cu+ Zn Ni2+ Fe2+ H+ (acidic) Problem 25QAP: For the following half-reactions, answer these questions.... Problem 26QAP: For the following half-reactions, answer the questions below.... Problem 27QAP: Use Table 17.1 to select (a) a reducing agent in acidic solution that converts ClO3- to Cl2 but not... Problem 28QAP: Use Table 17.1 to select (a) an oxidizing agent in basic solution that converts ClO3- to ClO4- but... Problem 29QAP: Calculate E° for the following voltaic cells: (a) MnO2+4H+(aq)+2I(aq)Mn2+(aq)+2H2O+I2(s) (b)... Problem 30QAP: Calculate E° for the following voltaic cells: (a) 2Na(s)+Fe2+(aq)2Na+(aq)+Fe(s) (b)... Problem 31QAP: Using Table 17.1, calculate E° for the reaction between (a) lead and silver nitrate ion to produce... Problem 32QAP: Using Table 17.1, calculate E° for the reaction between (a) chromium(II) ions and tin(IV) ions to... Problem 33QAP: Calculate E° for the following cells: (a) Pb|PbSO4Pb2+|Pb (b) Pt|Cl2|ClO3O2|H2O|Pt (c)... Problem 34QAP: Calculate E° for the following cells: (a) Ag|Ag+Sn4+,Sn2+|Pt (b) Al|Al3+Cu2+|Cu (c)... Problem 35QAP: Suppose Ered for Ag+Ag were set equal to zero instead of that of H+H2 . What would be (a) Ered for... Problem 36QAP: Suppose Ered for H+H2 were taken to be 0.300 V instead of 0.000 V. What would be (a) Eox for H2H+ ?... Problem 37QAP: Which of the following reactions is/are spontaneous at standard conditions? (a)... Problem 38QAP: Which of the following reactions is(are) spontaneous at standard conditions? (a)... Problem 39QAP: Use the following half-equations to write three spontaneous reactions. Justify your answers by... Problem 40QAP: Follow the directions of Question 39 for the following half-reactions: 1. I2(s)+2e2I(aq) 2.... Problem 41QAP: Use Table 17.1 to answer the following questions: (a) Will chlorate ions in acidic solution oxidize... Problem 42QAP: Use Table 17.1 to answer the following questions. (a) Will nitrate ions in acidic solution oxidize... Problem 43QAP: Write the equation for the reaction, if any, that occurs when each of the following experiments is... Problem 44QAP: Write the equation for the reaction, if any, that occurs when each of the following experiments is... Problem 45QAP Problem 46QAP Problem 47QAP: Use Table 17.1 to predict what reaction, if any, will occur when the following species are mixed in... Problem 48QAP: Use Table 17.1 to predict what reaction, if any, will occur if sulfur is added to acidic aqueous... Problem 49QAP: Consider a cell reaction at 25°C where n=2 . Fill in the following table. Problem 50QAP: Consider a cell reaction at 25°C where n=4 . Fill in the following table. Problem 51QAP: For a certain cell, G=25.0 kJ. Calculate E° if n is (a) 1(b)1(c) 41 Comment on the effect that the... Problem 52QAP: For a certain cell, E=1.08 V. Calculate G° if n is (a) 11(b) 21(c) 3 Problem 53QAP: Calculate E°, G°, and K at 25°C for the reaction 3Mn2+(aq)+2MnO4(aq)+2H2O5MnO2(s)+4H+(aq) Problem 54QAP: Calculate E°, G°, and K at 25°C for the reaction 3MnO4(aq)+4H+(aq)+Cl2(g)2Mn2+(aq)+2ClO3(aq)+2H2O Problem 55QAP: Calculate G° at 25°C for each of the reactions referred to in Question 29. Assume smallest... Problem 56QAP: Calculate G° at 25°C for each of the reactions referred to in Question 30. Assume smallest... Problem 57QAP: Calculate K at 25°C for each of the reactions referred to in Question 31. Problem 58QAP: Calculate K at 25°C for each of the reactions referred to in Question 32. Assume smallest... Problem 59QAP Problem 60QAP: Use Table 17.1 to find Kffor AuCl4- (aq) at 25°C. Problem 61QAP Problem 62QAP: What is E° at 25°C for the following reaction? Ba2+(aq)+SO42(aq)BaSO4(s) Ksp for BaSO4 is 1.11010 . Problem 63QAP: Consider a voltaic cell at 25°C in which the following reaction takes place.... Problem 64QAP: Consider a voltaic cell at 25°C in which the following reaction takes place:... Problem 65QAP: Consider a voltaic cell in which the following reaction takes place.... Problem 66QAP: Consider a voltaic cell in which the following reaction takes place in basic medium at 25°C.... Problem 67QAP: Calculate the voltages of the following cells at 25°C and under the following conditions: (a)... Problem 68QAP: Calculate the voltages of the following cells at 25°C and under the following conditions: (a)... Problem 69QAP: Consider the reaction 2Cu2+(aq)+Sn2+(aq)Sn4+(aq)+2Cu+(aq) At what concentration of Cu2+ is the... Problem 70QAP: Consider the reaction at 25°C: S(s)+2H+(aq)+2Ag(s)+2Br(aq)2AgBr(s)+H2S(aq) At what pH is the voltage... Problem 71QAP: Complete the following cell notation. Ag|Br(3.73M)|AgBrH+(?)|H2(1.0atm)|PtE=0.030V Problem 72QAP: Complete the following cell notation. Zn|Zn2+(1.00M)H+(?)|H2(1.0atm)|PtE=+0.40V Problem 73QAP: Consider the reaction below at 25°C: 2MnO4(aq)+16H+(aq)+10Br(aq)2Mn2+(aq)+5Br2(l)+8H2O Use Table... Problem 74QAP: Consider the reaction low at 25°C: 3SO42(aq)+12H+(aq)+2Cr(s)3SO2(g)+2Cr3+(aq)+6H2O Use Table 17.1 to... Problem 75QAP: Consider a cell in which the reaction is 2Ag(s)+Cu2+(aq)2Ag+(aq)+Cu(s) (a) Calculate E° for this... Problem 76QAP: Consider a cell in which the reaction is Pb(s)+2H+(aq)Pb2+(aq)+H2(g) (a) Calculate E° for this cell.... Problem 77QAP: An electrolytic cell produces aluminum from Al2O3 at the rate of ten kilograms a day. Assuming a... Problem 78QAP Problem 79QAP: A solution containing a metal ion (M2+(aq)) is electrolyzed by a current of 5.00 A. After 15.3... Problem 80QAP: A solution containing a metal ion (M2+(aq)) is electrolyzed by a current of 7.8 A. After 15.5... Problem 81QAP: A baby's spoon with an area of 6.25 cm2 is plated with silver from AgNO3 using a current of 2.00 A... Problem 82QAP: A metallurgist wants to gold-plate an object with a surface area of 17.21 in2. The gold plating must... Problem 83QAP: A lead storage battery delivers a current of 6.00 A for one hour and 22 minutes at a voltage of 12.0... Problem 84QAP: Calcium metal can be obtained by the direct electrolysis of molten CaCl2, at a voltage of 3.2 V. (a)... Problem 85QAP: Given the following data: PtCl42(aq)+2ePt(s)+4Cl(aq)Ered=0.73VPt2+(aq)+2ePt(s)Ered=1.20V Find Kffor... Problem 86QAP: In a nickel-cadmium battery (Nicad), cadmium is oxidized to Cd(OH)2, at the anode, while Ni2O3 is... Problem 87QAP: Hydrogen gas is produced when water is electrolyzed. 2H2O(g)2H2(g)+O2(g) A balloonist wants to fill... Problem 88QAP: Consider the electrolysis of NiCl2 to Ni(s) and Cl2(g). (a) What is the minimum voltage required to... Problem 89QAP: An electrolysis experiment is performed to determine the value of the Faraday constant (number of... Problem 90QAP Problem 91QAP Problem 92QAP Problem 93QAP: Atomic masses can be determined by electrolysis. In one hour, a current of 0.600 A deposits 2.42 g... Problem 94QAP: Consider the following reaction at 25°C: O2(g)+4H+(aq)+4Cl(aq)2H2O+2Cl2(g) The [H+] is adjusted by... Problem 95QAP: Given the standard reduction potential for Zn(OH)42-: Zn(OH)42(aq)+2eZn(s)+4OH(aq)Ered=1.19V... Problem 96QAP: Choose the figure that best represents the results after the electrolysis of water. (Circles... Problem 97QAP: For the cell: Cr|Cr3+Co2+|Co E° is 0.46 V. The same cell was prepared in the laboratory at standard... Problem 98QAP: Which of the changes below will increase the voltage of the following cell?... Problem 99QAP: The standard potential for the reduction of AgSCN is 0.0895 V. AgSCN(s)+eAg(s)+SCN(aq) Find another... Problem 100QAP: Consider the following standard reduction potentials:... Problem 101QAP: Use Table 17.1 to answer the following questions. Use LT (for is less than), GT (for is greater... Problem 102QAP: Consider three metals, X, Y, and Z, and their salts, XA, YA, and ZA. Three experiments take place... Problem 103QAP: An alloy made up of tin and copper is prepared by simultaneously electroplating the two metals from... Problem 104QAP: In a fully charged lead storage battery, the electrolyte consists of 38% sulfuric acid by mass. The... Problem 105QAP: Consider a voltaic cell in which the following reaction occurs. Zn(s)+Sn2+(aq)Zn2+(aq)+Sn(s) (a)... Problem 106QAP: In biological systems, acetate ion is converted to ethyl alcohol in a two-step process:... Problem 107QAP: Consider the cell Pt|H2|H+H+|H2|Pt In the anode half-cell, hydrogen gas at 1.0 atm is bubbled over a... Problem 108QAP Problem 109QAP Problem 105QAP: Consider a voltaic cell in which the following reaction occurs. Zn(s)+Sn2+(aq)Zn2+(aq)+Sn(s) (a)...
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What is the calculated value of the cell potential at 298K for an electrochemical cell with the following reaction, when the Pb2+ concentration is 3.43×10-4 M and the Cr3+ concentration is 1.43 M ? 3 Pb2+ (aq) + 2 Cr (s) 3 Pb (s) + 2 Cr3+ (aq)
B)
What is the calculated value of the cell potential at 298K for an electrochemical cell with the following reaction, when the Pb2+ concentration is 1.17 M and the Mg2+ concentration is 6.03×10-4 M ? Pb2+ (aq) + Mg (s) Pb (s) + Mg2+ (aq)
Definition Definition Study of chemical reactions that result in the production of electrical energy. Electrochemistry focuses particularly on how chemical energy is converted into electrical energy and vice-versa. This energy is used in various kinds of cells, batteries, and appliances. Most electrochemical reactions involve oxidation and reduction.
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