What is the advantage of the C4 photosynthetic pathway as compared to the conventional C3 pathway? How might these advantages influence where these plant species are found?
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What is the advantage of the C4 photosynthetic pathway as compared to the conventional C3
pathway? How might these advantages influence where these plant species are found?
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- A) The concentration of CO2 is lower inside a plant cell than in the atmosphere (outside the cell). In your own words, describe how the CO2 levels are kept low inside the plant cell and explain why this is necessary. Assume stomata are open. B) Regarding the situation presented in Part A and assuming that the stomata of the plant leaves are closed, would this favour the induction of photorespiration in a C3 plant? Explain. Make reference to relevant molecule or molecules as needed. Please clearly label your responses as A and BIt is the term referring to the characteristic leaf structure of C4 plants that enables them to outperform C3 plants in an environment that has high O2 concentration and/or temperature. Unlike C3 and CAM plants, C4 plants, such as corn and sugarcane, have leaves with vascular bundles that are surrounded by a chloroplast-rich vascular bundle sheath, which is further surrounded by the spongy mesophyll.Atrazine is one of the world’s most used herbicides. It functions by bonding to and disabling a protein in photosystem II. Plants treated with this herbicide die via starvation. Based on this information, what is also true about atrazine-treated plants? a) Only non-cyclic electron flow is possible. b) There is not enough ATP created to fuel the Calvin cycle. c) The plants can switch to C4 pathways. d) The chloroplast is disabled.
- Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis are correct? 1. Absorption of light does one thing: it makes chlorophyll easier to oxidize. 2. In PSII, the rate of damage to the D1 protein can never exceeds the rate of repair. 3. Electron transport is spontaneous (exergonic) as electrons move from P680* to P700+. 4. Compared to anoxygenic photosynthesis, in oxygenic photosynthesis less light needs to be absorbed to reduce NADP+. A. 1,2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1,2,3 and 4 are correctPlants have evolved by developing mechanisms that promote entry of CO, into the Calvin Cycle (CC) to limit photorespiration when environmental conditions tend to favor the latter. This is because photorespiration 1) is energetically inefficient (consuming more ATP than the CC alone) and 2) it does not produce any sugars that can be "fed" into cellular respiration to produce lots more ATP. A) Under what environmental conditions does photorespiration "outcompete" that of the CC? Specifically, what mechanism is responsible for committing the cell to photorespiration and what type of plant does not have any "safeguards" to ensure that the CC is performed rather than photorespiration? B) Describe the mechanisms employed by two types of plants to minimize photorespiration and ensure that the CC is carried out even when environmental conditions are not in their favor. Be sure to identify 1) the type of plant, 2) its natural environment and how it affects the plant's ability to perform the CC,…Why is it necessary to lyse the chloroplasts? 1.DCPIP passes easily across the intact chloroplast membrane and the thylakoid membrane, so electron transport could not be reliably measured 2.DCPIP passes easily across the intact chloroplast membrane, but can't get into the thylakoid, so electron transport could not be reliably measured 3.DCPIP cannot easily pass across the intact chloroplast membrane, so electron transport across the thylakoid membrane could not be reliably measured
- W hen a culture of Chlamydomonas is exposed to HIGH intensity light, the cells will display negative phototaxis and move away from the light. Which of the following could act as a cellular signal triggering movement away from the light? A. Low levels of P700+ relative to P700 in the chloroplast. B. High levels of G3P in the cytosol. C. High levels of NAD+ relative to NADH in mitochondria. D. Low levels of ATP relative to ADP in the cytosol.Why are some plants called C4 plants and why are they important? How have they adapted to unfavorable climatic conditions? How do the activities of C4 plants compare with the activities of CAM plants?Even though C4 plants require more ATP per CO₂ fixed, at higher temperatures, they are more efficient than C3 plants. Which of the following explains the effectiveness of C4 plants? contains a mutant form of Rubisco that does not bind to oxygen oxygen is prevented from entering the bundle-sheath cells where Rubisco is found Oduring the night, carbon dioxide is stored as malate so that stomata do not need to open during the day O photorespiration in C4 plants produces energy while in C3 plants, energy is consumed
- What Is the Molecular Architecture of PhotosyntheticReaction CentersDescribe C4 plants: a.)What is the CO2 pathway? b.)How much carbon is lost via photorespiration? c.)What is an example species?Despite CAM photosynthesis having a comparatively higher water use efficiency relative to C3 and C4 plants, its distribution is restricted primarily to desert succulents. In terms of water use efficiency, explain why CAM photosynthesis has not spread more widely.