What is optogenetics? How does it work? what are its possible uses? Can we use this in humans, why?

Q: What is the source of energy for protein translocation into the ER? Choose one: 1. the action of…

A: Introduction Translation is the process by which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum…

Q: The response of ligand gated ion channels is transient because ___ (can choose more than one…

A: The cellular response is initiated when a ligand binds to its specific receptors. The binding of…

Q: In expressing therapeutic proteins (check all that apply): Bacteria could be used if you want the…

A: Therapeutic proteins are genetically engineered proteins of mammalian origin. These proteins are…

Q: You attempt to genera channels in cultured pentobarbital and perfor current at any voltage. WI…

A: Pentobarbital is a barbiturate that slows the activity of the brain and nervous system. It is used…

Q: Why is ΔG a useful quantity for predicting the favorability of biochemical reactions?

A: Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) is the most useful measure for predicting the direction of chemical…

Q: riefly explain. What is the importance of POCT in the laboratory?

A: POCT in the laboratory: It stands for Point-of-care. This is medical diagnostic testing.

Q: What is the difference between MIC and MBC and how can you determine these?

A: The MIC is the least concentration of your medication that represses bacterial development so you…

Q: What are the molecular basis of signal transduction of: A. Homodimer Steroid Receptor B. Heterodimer…

A: The receptors can exist as monomers, homodimers, or heterodimers and recognize DNA sequences termed…

Q: Question 1 Which of the following is wrong for kinase inhibitors? A They end with inib suffix B)…

A: Kinases are enzymes that add phosphate groups to biomolecules such as proteins by a process called…

Q: Justify. Peripheral protein is easiest to isolate and study.

A: Protein is a polymer formed from amino acid joined by peptide bond. The basic structure of the…

Q: E. coli BL21 cells carrying a pQE expression vector can be induced to produce large amounts of a…

A: Ans is f - glucose, E. coli BL21 Cells carrying a PQE expression vector can be induced by adding…

Q: Biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis, resulting from inadequate oxygen delivery to the cardiac…

A: Myocardial ischemia is a condition caused by reduced blood flow which deprives the adequate supply…

Q: How is KA channel activated? What is role of this channel in the action potential?

A: Ion channels are proteins embedded in the membrane and they are responsible for the selectivity and…

Q: Let’s consider vmax. Recall that uncompetitive inhibitors bind to the enzyme only after the substate…

A: Enzymes are biocatalyst that performs specific chemical reaction within our body. They are…

Q: UTSASE is an enzyme that catalyzes reactions that produce bluish-orange saliva in roadrunners. UTSA…

A: Lineweaver-Burk plot, also known as double-reciprocal plot, is the graph plotted for Lineweaver-Burk…

Q: The enzyme dihydroneopterin aldolase (DHNA) is found in the metabolic pathway leading to folic acid.…

A: DHNA can catalyze two types of reactions;aldolase cleavage of DHNP to HP & GA andepimerization…

Q: The standard notation for describing the common mutation in the HBB gene that, when homozygous,…

A: Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder which affects the formation of hemoglobin and disrupts…

Q: A bacterial cell with the genotype: lacl* lacp+ laco lacz* lacy* is in a low/absent glucose,…

A: Lac operon is an example of gene regulation in prokaryotes.  Lac Operon is a group of genes with a…

Q: In a two pulse voltage clamp experiment, we noticed that a pre-pulse at a more depolarized voltage…

A: Action potential is defined as the series of changes that occurs in the membrane potential when the…

Q: Explain biochemically with an image ,what happens when you exercise intensely and your muscles begin…

A: Muscles contract and they use energy by the oxidation of food. The energy is produced by aerobic or…

Q: Your friend has decided to try the keto diet but is not complaining of general pain in their…

A: Keto diet can cause the initiation of symptoms that are collectively known as keto flu. This happens…

Q: Compare and contrast the following. Use you own words and be sure to incorporate key biochemical…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…

Q: In 2-3 sentences, explain what system the authors are studying in this work. Describe what this…

A: Enzymes play a vital role in biology since they reduce the energetic barrier separating substrates…

Q: What are the two important things that a two-pulse voltage experiment will tell you?

A: Double pulse is a test method to measure the Switching parameters  Evaluate the dynamic behaviors…

Q: 2. Based on biochemical and physiological mechanisms, how can you explain impaired brain development…

A: Uncontrolled Phenylketonuria (PKU) impairs brain development. This answer discusses the biochemical…

Q: Acetaminophen works as a competitive inhibitor of an enzyme known as CYPX, A) Describe how…

A: A)Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic. APAP is largely metabolised by…

Q: In hepatocytes, glucagon ilin inden release of select one, which leads to the activation of PKA. One…

A: Hepatocytes are responsible for regulating blood glucose level. When the blood glucose level…

Q: Why do steroids take relatively long to generate change after they bind to intracellular receptors?…

A: Why do steroids take relatively long to generate change after they bind to intracellular receptors?…

Q: You have been training for a marathon (26.2 miles) for 3 months and are considering training at high…

A: You can get altitude sickness if you travel to an excessive altitude too quickly. Breathing will…

Q: If you were to apply a TRPM5 agonist to your tongue, which tastes would you likely sense?

A: The mammalian taste system consists of taste buds. The surface of the tongue is distributed with…

Q: You're working in a lab that studies a newly discovered protein called GOT. You have preliminary…

A: Proteins are biomolecules that serve diverse functional roles within a cell.  Receptors are proteins…

Q: Need help, please.

A: Parameters such as Km and Vmax are used for comparing enzyme activities. If we know the initial rate…

Q: 1H. please help me in detail. For molecular Mechanism of ATP versus GTP selectivity of adenylate…

A: ATP is the major energy carrier in any cell where as GTP is selective for only a few pathways.…

Q: Need help, please.

A: MM kinetics describes the mathematical relation between initial rate of reaction(vo), maximum rate…

Q: Which of the following ion channels are not voltage-gated? BK channels (KCa1.1) Delayed rectifier K+…

A: There exists a differential distribution of ions on the inside and outside of the cell. Due to this…

Q: The estrogen receptor is an important protein to mediate the actions of estrogens in target cells.…

A: We need experimental design and methods to test the hypothesis, as well as the identification of…

Q: proOT NP I J Processing V Eneymes Ž:3 OT You have been tasked to purify mature OT from a cell lysate…

A: PrO-OT-NPI has six Histidine residues in the tag form. Processing enzyme I convert it into Pro-Ot…

Q: Alpha subunit of voltage-gated ion channels serve as toxin binding site pore Gate O voltage sensor

A: Alpha subunit of voltage gated ion channel forms an ion conduction pore while beta subunit helps in…

Q: How can you tell if glutamate is an excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitter?

A: Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers that are used to send signals to the other cells .…

Q: Activity of a protein as a function of pH 100 Percent activity (%) 8 50 55 60 6.5 7.0 75 80 8.5 PH

A: Chymotrypsin is a proteolytic enzyme. It acts on proteins and cleaves only specific bonds in…

Q: Name 3 "neo-piagetian" researchers, briefly describe each researcher's work and its implications for…

A: In his hypothesis of intellectual turn of events, Jean Piaget explained a progression of inquiries…

Q: Which of the following subunits act as a GTPase, breaking GTP into GDP and a phosphate? OA.G gamma O…

A: Heterotrimeric G-proteins are composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. The chemical abilities of…

Q: (Glutamine] /min [AOP]/min [Glutamate] [ATP] Which of these inhibition graphs is the one that likely…

A: Michealis menten equations are used to descirbe the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction. The…

Q: A. In terms of gene-controlled biochemical pathways, explain the following dihybrid interactions and…

A: Genes are the major regulatory elements in living organisms as all the traits are encoded by them.…

Q: Discussion should answer the following guide questions (dedicate one or two paragraphs for each…

A: Deoxyribosnucleic acid - DNADNA is genetic material present in cells with two helical strands. It is…

Q: You discover a new type of cell and when you measure the resting membrane potential of this new cell…

A: Neurons are a type of cells and a functional unit of the nervous system which is used to transmit…