What ion is needed to release neurotransmitters from thesynaptic vesicle? What neurotransmitter is released toskeletal muscle fibers?
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What ion is needed to release neurotransmitters from the
synaptic vesicle? What neurotransmitter is released to
skeletal muscle fibers?
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Solved in 2 steps
- Motor neurons release what type of neurotransmitter onto the motor end plate of skeletal muscles? What effect does this neurotransmitter have on the postsynaptic membrane?The condition hyponatremia (hy′-poh-nah-TREE-mee-ah) is characterized by low levels of sodium ions in the blood and extracellular fluid. What do you think would happen to the action potential in the sarcolemma if there were insufficient sodium ions in the extracellular fluid? (Hint: Think about what will happen to the normal gradient of sodium ions in hyponatremia.)When a cardica muscle is isolated and placed in a solution of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate, will muscle contraction occur if:a. muscle is stimulated directly by depolarizing the membrane? (provide a short explanation)b. muscle is stimulated by stimulating the nerve to the muscle? (provide a short explanation)
- In light of the “all or none” law of muscle contraction, how can you explain twitch recruitment (also called the graded response) when stimulating the muscle versus stimulating the nerve? Explain the difference in stimulation voltage required to elicit a maximum response when stimulating the nerve versus the muscle directly?Acetylcholine is necessary for the depolarization of skeletal muscle cells. Which of the following statements concerning acetylcholine action is true. O acetylcholine is released in quanta from the sarcolemma membrane by exocytosis O acetylcholine is released in quanta from the postsynaptic membrane by exocytosis O acetylcholine enters the caveoli to depolarize the sarcolemma acetylcholine enters clathrin -coated vesiclec prior to its degradation by O acetylcholine attaches to transmitter-gated ion channels of the sarcolemma . During an action potential, depolarization occurs because: Channels for sodium ions in the cell membrane open and sodium flows into the cell O Both channels for sodium and potassium are closed O Channels for potassium ions in the cell membrane open and potassium leaves he cell Sodium potassium pump retums sodium to the outside of the cell and potassium to the inside Stroke occurs when a blood clot enters the cerebral ciruculatin, blocking an artery and causing…Put the following events in chronological order. (Some of the steps may be missing.)1) Ca*+ floods into the pre-synaptic neuron.2) ch (Acetylcholine) binds to ACh receptors in the sarcolemma.3) Na+ floods into the post-synaptic muscle cell.4) The A.P arrives at the pre-synaptic terminal causing Ca+ channels to open.5) Ach from the synaptic vesicles spills into the pre-synaptic cleft.6) A post-synaptic action potential results in the muscle fiber (depolarization
- When curare, a neuromuscular poison, is dropped onto an isolated muscle-nerve preparation in a laboratory, the muscle does not contract when the nerve is stimulated, even though neurotransmitter is released from the nerve cell. Why does this happen? How might this action of curare be lethal to an individual who has been poisoned?What kind of receptor is found on the postsynaptic cell in a neuromuscular junction?*When dynamic y-motor neurons are activated at the same time as a-motor neurons to muscle, [A] prompt inhibition of discharge in spindle la afferents takes place. [B] clonus is likely to occur. [C] the muscle will not contract. [D] the number of impulses in spindle la afferents is smaller than when a discharge alone is increased. [E] the number of impulses in spindle la afferents is greater than when a discharge alone is increased.
- Why is it important to remove acetylcholine from its binding to acetylcholine receptors once the neural stimulus ends? What can be the possible consequence of the non-removal of acetylcholine to the skeletal muscle fiber?What molecule "couples" the action potential to the concentration cycle of the sarcomere? What does this same molecule do?hen an action potential arrives at the nerve terminal of a neuromuscular junction, which of the following statements best describes the events that occur? Depolarisation of the nerve terminal causes the release of ACh which activates nicotinic receptors on the skeletal muscle membrane to cause Ca2+ entry and muscle contraction. Depolarisation of the nerve terminal opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ entry brings vesicles containing ACh to the membrane which form fusion pores causing the release of ACh which activates voltage-gated Na+ channels at the end-plate. Depolarisation of the nerve terminal opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ entry brings vesicles containing ACh to the membrane which form fusion pores causing the release of ACh which binds to muscarinic receptors at the end plate. Depolarisation of the nerve terminal opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ entry brings vesicles containing ACh to the membrane which form fusion pores…