What does the body do to bring CO back up if it drops too low? Give examples of immediate, short-term, and long-term responses. Skin that is pale, bluish, or ashen, a fast heart rate, cold, clammy hands and feet, feeling lightheaded, and/or losing consciousness are all signs of shock. Connect these symptoms to the body's compensation

A young boy, age 2 years, pulled a pot of boiling water over his head, arms, and chest, resulting in a mixed burn to the anterior surface of his head and arms, chest, and feet.   Discuss the additional effects associated with burns and the treatments involved, which include shock, pain, electrolyte and fluid imbalances, respiratory complications, infection, metabolic problems, and anemia. (See Effects of Burn Injury.) Discuss the actions to promote the healing of burns. Specifically address the problems that may be associated with scarring and the effects of growth that this 2-year-old may experience. (See Healing of Burns.).

What is the direct effect (prior to any reflex compensation) of administeringintravenously a selective beta 1 receptor agonist?A)Increased heart rate, stroke volume and total peripheral resistance.B)Increased total peripheral resistance and renin secretion.C)Increased heart rate and stroke volume.D) Increased total peripheral resistance and decreased renin secretion.E) Decreased renin secretion, total peripheral resistance and heart rate.

Describe the mechanism of action of intravenous injection of epinephrine or norepinephrine. What effect is expected on heart rate and blood pressure? How it affects blood vessels and circulation?

Jennifer R. has the “stomach flu” that is going around campus and has been vomiting profusely for the past 24 hours. Not only has she been unable to keep down fluids or food, but she has also lost the acidic digestive juices secreted by the stomach that are normally reabsorbed back into the blood farther down the digestive tract. What body systems respond to resist these changes (exlcuding nervous and endocrine systems)? Provide three.

Use the word bank below to fill-out the table summarizing blood pressure control: Baroreflex Aldosterone Autoregulation Angiogenesis Medullary ischemic response Anti-diuretic hormone Atrial natriuretic peptide Reactive hyperemia Chemoreflex Vasoactive chemicals Angiotensin II Epinephrine & norepinephrine Type of blood pressure control: Examples: Specific way it controls blood pressure: Local: if tissue is inadequately perfused, wastes accumulate stimulating vasodilation which increases perfusion if blood supply cut off then restored, flow increases above normal substances such as histamine, bradykinin, and prostaglandins that stimulate vasomotion growth of new blood vessels Neural: blood pressure changes detected by carotid sinuses results in changes in heart rate and cardiac output (sympathetic control) Receptors in aortic and carotid bodies detect changes in blood pH, and alter heart and breathing rates to correct blood oxygenation levels. Vasomotion can also be altered. Automatic…

Mark is attempting his first serious mountain climb above 8000 feet. He begins to breathe harder during his ascent, feels light-headed, and has difficulty thinking clearly. What has stimulated him to breathe harder? What effect does this have on Pco2? What change in blood pH can occur? Why? Does more or less oxygen reach the brain? Explain.

Describe in detail the negative feedback mechanism that regulates blood pressure.  ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Cardiovascular system response to a fall IN BP: Name location of receptors  Afferent pathway  - how signal is sent to CNS ( i.e. branch of ANS involved,  name of neurotransmitters/ hormone) Name and location of control of control centre in CNS Efferent pathway  - how signals is sent to effectors . Name and location of effectors  How effected bring about change in BP LINK to BP equation  Cardiovascular system response to a rise in BP ( AS BOVE )