What does “descent with modification” mean? a. Populations that change quickly are likely to become extinct. b. Inherited traits change from generation to generation. c. Tracing an evolutionary tree from top to bottom reveals changes in species diversity. d. Parents change their own features before passing them on to offspring.

When male lions reach sexual maturity, they leave their group in search of a new pride. This can alter the allele frequencies of the population through which of the following mechanisms? a. natural selection b. genetic drift c. gene flow d. random mating

Draw a system of two or more populations and illustrate an evolutionary mechanism with a species of your choice. Invent relevant genetic data and perform a calculation that tests for Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium in your system. Be sure to define a hypothesis and make a conclusion using quantitative data (e.g., using the chi squared test).

Which sequence of events in human evolution is most widely accepted? A.   increase in brain size, tool-use, bipedalism, movement out of Africa B.   tool-use, bipedalism, increase in brain size, use of fire C.   bipedalism, increase in brain size, tool-use D.   tool-use, use of fire, increase in brain size E.   bipedalism, tool-use, increase in brain size How do we know that the footprints discovered by Mary Leakey’s team at the site of Laetoli are those of bipedal hominids?     A.   There is no evidence of a divergent big toe B.   The stride width and length were similar to modern humans C.   There is evidence of an arch D.   all of these E.   A and C only   Which of the following were the first to arrive to the Western Hemisphere? A.   Modern Homo sapiens B.   Archaic Homo sapiens C.   Homo erectus D.   Neanderthals