What characterizes the independent assortment of genes into gametes?   Alleles of genes on one pair of homologous chromosomes sort depending on the assortment of alleles on other chromosomes.   Alleles of genes on one pair of homologous chromosomes tend to sort independently of alleles on other chromosomes.   Different alleles on the same chromosome that are far apart usually sort together.   Different alleles on the same chromosome that are close together usually sort independently.

Q: Trisomy 21, or Down syndrome, occurs when there is a normal diploid chromosomal complement but one…

A: Down's syndrome occurs due to an error at the time of gamete formation. As a result the gametes may…

Q: What is chromosomal theory of inheritance? List the ways in which genes and chromosomes behave…

A: "Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: Red-green colorblindness in humans is caused by a recessive gene on the X chromosome. A husband and…

A: Red-green color blindness or deficiency is an X- linked recessive disease. It means two X…

Q: (A) Which of the above offspring are recombinant? (B) What is the map distance between the genes?

A: ANSWER1. Recombinants: These are those offspring that have traits different from their parents.…

Q: What is a meaning of genetic linkage? How this test is used? Describe the meaning of SNP (single…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you.…

Q: In FIG. 5. at the arrow, you will see that there are genes (black) on these chromosomes. The genes…

A: The passage describes an Investigative Science activity about chromosomes and genes. It refers to…

Q: Which of the following best describes the role of recombination in genetic variation? Group of…

A: Approach to solving the question: To determine the best description of the role of recombination in…

Q: Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment are based on the movement of chromosomes…

A: Mendel conducted the experiments on the garden peas. He chose some unique traits of peas and…

Q: A new species of fly is discovered that has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of one of…

A: Meiosis results in mix and match of various genes of paternal and maternal set to increase…

Q: only at the pseudoautosomal regions. Genes in the pseudoautosomal regions on the Barr body X…

A: INTRODUCTION Meiosis Meiosis is a reduction division and the daughter cell contain half the number…

Q: In ZZ-ZW sex determining systems which of the following is true? O Insects such as bees, wasps, and…

A: Sexually reproducing organisms show two types of sexual characteristics. They are responsible for…

Q: Stephanie conducts an experiment to study sex reversal in a specific grographic location. She…

A: Females are born with two X chromosomes. Female somatic cells are not involved in sexual…

Q: How is the process of meiosis responsible for variation among species? What mechanisms are involved…

A: Meiosis is a type of reductional division in which a diploid parent cell divides to form four…

Q: The numbers of chromosomes in the somatic cells of several oat varieties (Avena species) are as…

A: The cell division process causes significant alterations in both plant and animal cells. For…

Q: What aspect of chromosome behaviour most clearly accounts for Mendel's law of segregation?…

A: Ans.Mendel's law of segregation states that each parent passes one allele for each trait to its…

Q: In Figure 2-11, assume (as in corn plants) that allele Aencodes an allele that produces starch in…

A: Gregor Mendel performed the experiments on Pea plants in order to understand how the traits are…

Q: In humans, hemophilia is a recessive trait carried on the X chromosome. Imagine that a couple, Mike…

A: In sexually reproducing organisms the gamete formation occurs by meiosis process that ultimately…

Q: Growth Rate 80 red fast 88 purple slow 18 red slow 14 purple fast What is the distance…

A: Here, in 3rd and 4th case there are recombinant progenies because they have different growth rate…

Q: Which of the following is true of polyploidy?

A: The option b is true i. e., polyploidy occurs in specialized cell types in many organisms.  The…

Q: Draw a Punnett square for the dihybrid cross. There are two known alleles of gene occupying a…

A: Dihybrid cross involves two genes in a cross. That's why the two traits are involved in this cross.

Q: How are linked genes similar to sex-linked genes? How are they different?

A: The term gene was derived from the Greek word meaning generation. It is the basic hereditary unit of…

Q: On average, what proportion of the genome in the following pairs of humans would be exactly the same…

A: Every living species have two types of cells, somatic cells (diploid) which are responsible for…

Q: What is meant by aneuploidy?

A: The chromosomes are thread-like structure located in the nuclei of both plant and animal cells. They…

Q: Which statement about the relationship between genetic map and physical map is FALSE? The…

A: Genetic Map: A genetic map, also referred to as a linkage map, illustrates the relative positions of…

Q: What are linked genes?  What is the difference between tightly-linked and loosely-linked genes?

A: Genes which get inherited In conjunction with other genes and are found on the same chromosome is…

Q: Heterozygotes are often healthy individuals because these mutations do not impact the dosages of any…

A: An inversion is a chromosome rearrangement in which a segment of a chromosome is reversed end to…

Q: For each of the following, identify what characteristics of a species male and female karyotype…

A: Answers and Explanation : 1. Genic : In this case, the ratio of number of X chromosomes to the…

Q: Which of the following chromosome pairs would contain all of the same genes (not necessarily at the…

A: A chromosome is a long DNA molecule that comprises part or all of an organism's genetic material.…

Q: What is the generation of allele combinations through genetic exchange between homologous…

A: The homologous chromosomes are characterized as a set containing both, paternal and maternal…

Q: Chromosomal abnormalities can interfere with pairing and segregation of homologous chromosomes in…

A: Chromosomal  abnormality in homologous pair is a mutation type where segregation of chromosome is…

Q: How many different types of gametes with respect to the R and B genes can an individual with the…

A: An individual with the genotype Rrbb has two alleles for the R gene (R) and (r) and one allele for…

Q: The duck billed platypus is an unusual mammal. If you examine the sex chromosomes of a female…

A: The duck-billed platypus is an unusual, unique mammal, a member of the order Monotremata that is…

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A: Inheritance pattern is a type of pattern which evaluates how traits are transferred from parental…

Q: What are the three key features used to read chromosomes? Go to using karyptypes to predict genetic…

A: Given: Chromosomes are long threadlike structure that is found inside the nucleus of cell. It is…

Q: In C. elegans, lon-2 and unc-2 are recessive mutations that are 8 map units apart on the X…

A: A map unit is defined as the distance between two linked gene pairs where 1% of the products of…

Q: In organisms with the ZZ-ZW sex-determining system, from which of the following possibilities can a…

A: Introduction: In ZZ-ZW system of sex determination, female carries two different gametes i.e., ZW…

Q: The picture below represents a G1 cell from a newly discovered species that uses the X/Y sex…

A: Meiosis results in the formation of four haploid cells from one diploid cell.

Q: Which of the following is unable to form a linkage group? O genes that are not located on the same…

A: The tendency of certain genes to stay together throughout chromosomal inheritance is known as…

Q: Which of the following behaviors of chromosomes explains Mendel's second law (law of independent…

A: genetics is the branch of science which deals with the study of genes, genetic variation, and…

Q: Even in the absence of genetic recombination, meiosis is an important source of genetic variation in…

A: INTRODUCTION Genetic variation refers to differences in some of the genomes of members of identical…

Q: Please observe the tetrad of duplicated homologous chromosomes. Have a single crossover take place…

A: Alleles are the alternative form of a gene that are located on the same locus of Homologous…

Q: An individual with XY chromosomes produces gametes where 50% have an extra sex chromosome and 50%…

A: Please follow step 2 for detailed explanation.

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.