Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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DNA contains the template needed to copy itself, but it has no catalytic activity in cells. What catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides in the DNA polymer being formed?
DNA polymerase
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deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates
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ribozymes
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ATP
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- Because the polymerization of nucleotides is an endergonic process, energy is required for it to occur. What does DNA polymerase use as its energy source? Group of answer choices ATP that is broken into ADP and P and released Energy from photons of light Entropy created from protein digestion Nucleotides incorporated into a growing chain provide their own energy in the form of trinucleotidesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is correct about the function of DNA Ligase? DNA ligase is used on the leading strand and it joins any disconnected strand together O DNA ligase is used on the lagging strand which helps in joining fragments of the strand together O DNA ligase is used on the lagging strand and it aids in correcting mistakes on this specific strand O DNA ligase is used to maintain the replication fork structurearrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true about Base Excision repair? Group of answer choices Ligase is responsible for resealing the nick in the phosphodiester backbone. Endonuclease is used to remove the damaged nucleotide. It is a preferred method of removal for larger defects in the genetic code Polymerase creates the new nucleotide to replace the damaged one Glycosylase removes damaged the damaged base before the nucleotidearrow_forward
- What type of spontaneous change to DNA is caused by UV light? deamination pyrimidine dimerization oxidative damage depurinationarrow_forwardThe drug Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Cipro) blocks bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme needed to counteract excessive twisting of DNA that occurs when circles of DNA are unwound to be copied into DNA or RNA. Why doesn’t this drug kill human cells?arrow_forwardThe holoenzyme consists of 2 DNA polymerase core enzymes single sliding clamp-loader complex two sliding clamparrow_forward
- What role do the following enzymes play in DNA replication? DNA polymerase Helicase DNA ligasearrow_forwardWhy are primers required in DNA replication but not in transcription?arrow_forwardFrom where does the cell obtain the energy to synthesize a new strand of DNA? Breaking the phosphate bonds in a molecule of ATP Breaking the phosphate bonds of the incoming trinucleotide Breaking the hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotides Creating a H+ gradient following the transfer of high energy electronsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false? Features a beta glycosidic bond between deoxyribose and nucleobase. Phosphoester bonds in DNA are extremely stable to non-catalytic hydrolysis. In B DNA the parallel stacks of nucleobases are separated by about 3.5 A A DNA is formed from single strands of RNA and DNA DNA contains uridine, adenosine, guanosine, and cytidine as nucleobases.arrow_forwardWhat enzymatic activity is used to remove RNA primers at the end of DNA replication? Be specific and name the direction! need the enzymatic activity not the enzyme in questionarrow_forward
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