What are the benefits that come with the production of intermediate code?

I was wondering if you knew which parts of the Compiler Phases were the most important. It would be extremely useful if, in your answer, you could provide an example that exemplified each stage of this hierarchy.

To what extent does having a solid understanding of the compiler prove to be advantageous in practice?

What are the most essential tasks that are delegated to each Phase of the Compiler, and how do these Phases really carry out their responsibilities? What are the most significant duties that are delegated to each Phase of the Compiler? Is it conceivable to provide an illustration of each separate stage that makes up the process?