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- Which of the following statement is false regarding the SARS-CoV-2 protease Mpro? a) Mpro catalyze the translation of viral RNA into polyproteins b) Mpro is an ideal drug target because its structure is largely conserved across the SARS-CoV family c) N3 is an irreversible inhibitor that block the substrate binding site of Mpro d) Mpro forms a dimeric structure and each protomer is composed of three domainsIntroduction: There’s quite a bit of interest around repurposing extant drugs to treat infections by targeting host pathways that pathogens rely on. Here are a few potential drugs: 1) A drug that inhibits endocytosis, but not phagocytosis. 2) A drug that inhibits degradation of cytoplasmic proteins into smaller peptides, preventing their cycling back into amino acids. 3) A drug used to treat porphyria that reduces the reactivity of heme. 4) A drug that depletes glutathione, a chemical which protects red blood cells against the reactivity of heme. 5) A drug that reduces expression of the ACE-2 protein. Question: Pick a drug and an infection that the drug is likely to be good at treating, or pick an infection and a drug that would most likely make the infection substantially worse. Which drug and pathogen did you pick? Do you think it’ll make it better or worse?What are anticoagulants?What are the practicalapplications of anticoagulants,like heparin, in Medicine?
- Which statement among A-D is false regarding bacterial toxins? A) O Hemolysıns are cell membrane disrupters that can rupture red blood cells. B) O Second mesengar pathway disrupters like cholera toxin produces a debilitating respiratory condition of the lungs. C) O Shiga toxin, tetanus toxin, and hemolysins are all types of exotoxins. D) O Superantigens elicit a hyperactive response by the immune system and can lead to shock. E) O None are false, A-D are all true statements.We have many antimicrobial drugs to treat bacterial infections, but very few for viruses. Why is it so difficult to treat viral infections? Hint: What would the targets for the drugs be?What phrases do the CDC and other leading officials now use to describe the risk of contracting COVID-19 through surfaces?
- Which of the following is the best reason for using a plant to deliver a vaccine? A) Plants can deliver the highest quantity of antigen. B) Plants can be eaten and give gastrointestinal immunity. C) Plants can harbor live attenuated whole-agents. D) The plant cell walls will prevent the antigen from exiting the cells. E) A gene for an antigenic protein can only be expressed in plants.How can drug resistance in microorganisms be circumvented?what are the facilated transport system for drug absorption?
- The World Health Organization (WHO, 2017) haslisted six steps individualscan take to prevent and control the spread of antibiotic resistance. a.One of the recommendations is “Never demand antibiotics if your health worker says you don’t need them.”Explain why when you have a flu, your health care worker would say that you do not need antibiotics. What are the other five recommendations?What are drug-resistance gene?In the mid-1990s, researchers discovered an enzyme in HIV called protease. Once the enzyme's structure was known, researchers began developing drugs that fit into the active site and blocked it. This strategy for stopping HIV infections is an example of what phenomenon? OA) feedback regulation OB) competitive inhibition OC) immunization OD) allosteric regulation