Rabies is a viral zoonosis that is transmitted directly from the bite of an infected animal. The rabies vaccine is prepared by treating virus with a chemical that renders it unable to infect and replicate. What type of vaccine is this?

Q: How does HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) lead to AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)/lead…

A: Human immunodeficiency viruses causes AIDS.This is the condition where gradual failure of immune…

Q: Brefiefly summarize how each type of vaccine triggers an immune response (Remeber that the immune…

A: Even stopping one case of COVID-19 can help to reduce the overall number of cases over time by test.…

Q: What is the significance of negative strand synthesis of positive a ssRNA virus?   a. Loss of…

A: Viruses can have DNA or RNA as genetic material. A positive-strand single-stranded RNA virus has the…

Q: The use of multiple drugs in HAART to treat AIDS has a. completely removed the virus from infected…

A: The disease that is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is known as the acquired immune…

Q: Viral “spikes” are usually involved in    A. Uncoating the virus particle  B. Killing the host cell…

A: The small microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye are called microorganisms or…

Q: Stress can cause a latent virus to enter the lytic cycle, resulting in symptoms for the host. A.…

A: Virus is non - cellular particle which is smaller than the bacteria.  They  act as alive when enter…

Q: Prior to entry, the _________ glycoprotein of the HIV virus recognizes the ______ receptor on the…

A: Step 1 Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is a rounded enveloped retrovirus with a core having two…

Q: Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion Which of the following explain why early HIV…

A: We want to figure out why it's been hard to make good HIV vaccines. It's important to know the…

Q: The molecule will bind to a. Viral DNA, CD4 of the T-cells. b. Viral CD4, T-cells. c. Viral gp120,…

A: Microbes including bacteria and viruses can cause infective diseases on the host. They utilize…

Q: Snow leopards are solitary animals. An individual leopard will maintain a huge territory. They meet…

A: The small, minute and microscopic organisms are called microorganisms. The main groups of…

Q: Which of the following developer manufactured a attenuated viral type of vaccine? a. MODERNA Inc…

A: The diverse vaccine types each require distinctive improvement procedures.  For example, Attenuated…

Q: Viruses code for their own independent protein synthesis. A. True B. False

A: The mechanism by which cells make proteins is known as protein synthesis. Transcription and…

Q: Draw a diagram illustrating how retroviruses, such as HIV, make copies of themselves.

A: Viruses are minute particles that are made up of only their genetic material which may be DNA or RNA…

Q: When phage nucleic acid is incorporated into the nucleic acid of itshost cell and is replicated when…

A: A virus has genetic material that can be deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA)…

Q: 3 4 Some antibodies can be passed from mother to child during breastfeeding. What is this type of…

A: Introduction Antibodies are substances that are produced by the immune cells in response to the…

Q: Summarize the key difference in the invasion of cells by: a. HIV b. Adenovirus c. Anthrax

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub-parts for…

Q: Like all viruses, HIV must utilize the host: ○ a. reverse transcriptase. ○ b. ribosomes. О с.…

A: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that targets CD4+ T cells in particular,…

Q: 5. Consider how a vaccine works. Describe how the Influenza vaccine protects you from becoming ill…

A: A weakened microorganisms which use to stimulate the body's immune response against disease is…

Q: Sumarize the key difference in the invasion of cells by; a. HIV b. Adenovirus c.Anthrax d.…

A: A virus is an extremely small organism made up of a collection of genetic code and surrounded by a…

Q: prophage is a stage in the development of a/ana. bacterial virus. b. poxvirus.c. lytic virusd.…

A: To answer this question we must have knowledge about microbiology.

Q: Explain why did scientists used mRNA instead of DNA for Covid-19 vaccine          development?

A: Hello, thank you for the question. Since, you have asked a question where the reference is asked to…

Q: Explain how someone who was infected with SARS-CoV-2 could still test negative two days after…

A: Covid 19:  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus 2…

Q: 97) In order for a retrovirus to be infectious a. The p25 protein is cleaved by the protease enzyme…

A: Introduction: Retroviruses are a family of viruses that are grouped together based on how it is…

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A: Cytokine storm or hypercytokinemia is the physiological response of an animal's innate immunity…

Q: A researcher discovers that a breed of rabbits have antibodies that can neutralize HIV. The…

A: Antigens are the molecular structure, present on the surface on pathogen. Generally, it is protein…

Q: When virus enters into our body, many cells acquire antiviral state due to: a Acquiring resistance…

A: When virus enters our body many cells acquire antiviral state due to INTERFERON PRODUCTION (e)

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A: A bacteriophage, also called a phage informally, is a virus that infects and replicates within…

Q: What does the rabies vaccine contain that rabies immunoglobulindoes not?a. antibodiesb. inactive…

A: A disease is a state of unhealthiness of the physical body, mind and social interaction. A disease…

Q: After attachment and entry, the next step of viral lifecycle is to…

A: To complete their life cycle, the viruses require a host cell. This is due to the fact that they…

Q: What type of virus is more vulnerable to being inactivated?  a. Non-enveloped b. enveloped viruses…

A: In the realm of virology, understanding the vulnerabilities of different types of viruses is crucial…

Q: Match terms with descriptions based on the text above. You can use an answer more than once or not…

A: The terms prevalence and incidence are used to characterize the magnitude of a condition in a…

Q: The enzyme hydrolase is critical for which of the stages to occur as a consequence of a…

A: The phages are viruses that are also called as bacteriophage that infects bacteria. Most of the…

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A: The influenza virus is the causative agent of infection disease known as influenza also called flu…

Q: Some drugs that inhibit HIV proliferation are inhibitors of HIV protease. Explain how these drugs…

A: The drugs used to inhibit the proliferation of HIV are actually inhibitors of protease enzyme. The…

Q: Which of the following is a trait that both HPV and HIV share? A.Both have an RNA genome B.Both…

A: HPV and HIV both integrate into the host genome to affect the host.

Q: Molecular mimicry is when ____ on host cells resemble _____ on pathogens causing host to mount an…

A: Microorganisms have evolved novel survival methods to flourish in their hosts during the process of…

Q: 6) Summarize the key difference in the invasion of cells by: а. HIV b. Adenovirus c. Anthrax d.…

A: HIV attacks the immune system by destroying the CD4 helper T cells. Adenovirus enters the cell in a…

Q: Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion How do vaccines work? Do they work against…

A: Vaccines are biological preparations that stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight off a…

Q: Based on the experience of the Philippines with the dengue vaccine, what can you conclude regarding…

A: A vaccine is a biologically prepared substance injected into the body to create an acquired immunity…

Q: Vaccines should be tested for long period of time before allowing any individual to take the…

A: Dengue is a mosquito born viral disease. Dengue vaccine in Philippines was launched as a mass…

Q: The Size of Viruses varies from:   a. 1-100 nm b. 25-300 nm c. 100-1000 nm d. None of the above

A: A virus is an infectious microbe consisting of a segment of nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA)…

Q: Identify the statement that does not provide accurate evidence as to why HIV is so lethal.   a.…

A: HIV is a disease which is cause by RNA virus. It's a specifically a disease of immune system.

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.