What are 3 possible errors that could take place as you culture your samples which could lead to contamination? State 3 and explain why. Microbiology class

The presence of endotoxins in a sterile fluid indicates: the presence of gram-positive cell walls the presence of gram-negative cell walls gram-negative cells are growing gram-positive cells are growing

Taking microbial cells out of a stationary phase culture and putting them into a fresh, sterile medium (in which they can grow) will result in the cells entering which stage of the growth cycle? Death phase O Log phase Lag phase Stationary phase

9. Which is statement below is the correct definition of the Sterility Assurance Limit (SAL). Select ONE answer. O The Sterility Assurance Limit (SAL) is a numerical value that predicts the probability that a microorganism has survived a pasturization process. O The Sterility Assurance Limit (SAL) is a numerical value that confirms that a microorganism has survived a sterilisation process. O The Sterility Assurance Limit (SAL) is a numerical value that predicts the probability thaț a microorganism has survived a sterilisation process. O The Sterility Assurance Limit (SAL) is a numerical value that confirms that a microorganism has survived a pasturization process. O The Sterility Assurance Limit (SAL) is a numerical value that predicts the probability that a microorganism has been erradicated during a sterilisation process

8. In the MRSA case study, after antibiotic treatment, bacterial colonies that survive were the ones that were able to metabolize citrate. True or False.

1. List multiple reasons why preventing the growth of certain microbes is necessary/valuable  2. For bacterial growth, what can we do to compose a continuous culture where we would get continuous supply of the product?  3. Antibiotics - How did we compose major issues for treatment through resistance built up from the antibiotics?

SPREAD PLATE See the follow up procedure for determining colony counts and express the number of colony forming units (CFU) in scientific notation. Record "TNTC" for plates with colonies that are too numerous to count. CFU/mL-Use scientific notation DILUTION 1:107 1:108 COLONY COUNT ...دما

7. E. Coli bacteria were grown in a 5.0 L batch cell culture reactor, with the following data collected: Cell Count (per mL) 10,277,000 Inoculation Time ---> Time 11:19 am 11:35 am 11:57 pm 12:08 pm 12:45 pm 1:07 pm 1:11 pm 1:16 pm 1:19 pm 1:34 pm 1:46 pm 1:57 pm 2:09 pm 2:33 pm 10,313,000 20,984,000 29,750,000 60,202,000 210,909,000 224,750,000 227,960,000 229,216,000 229,115,000 227,260,000 204,935,000 183,745,000 146,103,000 (inoculation is when the cells are first put in the growth media) A. Draw a log10 X vs. time graph and label the phases for batch cell growth. B. Calculate the specific growth rate, μ, and mass doubling time, td, for the exponential growth phase. C. Calculate kd, the specific rate of cell mass loss due to cell death (For B & C, it will be helpful to re-plot the y-axis as In X or In (X/X.), and focus on only the data in that phase) Using spreadsheet software will be helpful in drawing this graph and analyzing data for parts B & C. Be as quantitative as possible,…

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There are 10 mL of a culture of a bacteria at 104 cells/mL into 990 mL of the same broth at the same temperature (37° C) It is 8 p.m. the night before your lab which starts at 11 a.m. Doubling time for this species is 40 minutes. Will the culture reach Stationary Phase before your lab? Set up the equation correctly, solve for t, and tell me what time the culture will reach Stationary Phase.   t /g = (Log Nt – Log N0) /0.301