Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 30 firms. 80 72 Supply (10 firms) 64 56 48 Demand Supply (20 firms) 40 32 Supply (30 firms) 24 16 8 120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds) PRICE (Dollars per pound)

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Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. *(Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.)* Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 30 firms.

**Graph Explanation:**

- **Axes:**
  - The x-axis represents QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds), ranging from 0 to 1200.
  - The y-axis represents PRICE (Dollars per pound), ranging from 0 to 80.

- **Demand Curve:**
  - A sloping line labeled "Demand" decreases from approximately $64 to $8 as quantity increases.

- **Legend:**
  - **Supply (10 firms):** Orange square
  - **Supply (20 firms):** Purple diamond
  - **Supply (30 firms):** Green triangle

Note: Each supply curve should be plotted with their respective symbols to show how the industry supply changes with the number of firms.
Transcribed Image Text:Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. *(Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.)* Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 30 firms. **Graph Explanation:** - **Axes:** - The x-axis represents QUANTITY (Thousands of pounds), ranging from 0 to 1200. - The y-axis represents PRICE (Dollars per pound), ranging from 0 to 80. - **Demand Curve:** - A sloping line labeled "Demand" decreases from approximately $64 to $8 as quantity increases. - **Legend:** - **Supply (10 firms):** Orange square - **Supply (20 firms):** Purple diamond - **Supply (30 firms):** Green triangle Note: Each supply curve should be plotted with their respective symbols to show how the industry supply changes with the number of firms.
**Understanding Cost Curves in a Competitive Market for Titanium**

In analyzing the competitive market for titanium, it's important to understand the cost structures that firms face. Regardless of the number of firms, each one encounters similar cost patterns described by the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves. The graph visualizes these concepts in detail.

**Graph Explanation:**

- **Axes:**
  - The horizontal axis represents the quantity of titanium produced, measured in thousands of pounds.
  - The vertical axis denotes costs in dollars per pound.

- **Curves:**
  - **Marginal Cost (MC):** This curve is shown in orange. It initially decreases, reaching a minimum point, and then starts to rise steeply. The MC curve intersects both the ATC and AVC curves at their lowest points.
  - **Average Total Cost (ATC):** Displayed in green, the ATC curve is U-shaped. It initially decreases due to spreading out fixed costs, ultimately rising because of increasing variable costs.
  - **Average Variable Cost (AVC):** Shown in purple, the AVC curve is also U-shaped, lying below the ATC curve. The gap between the AVC and ATC curves reflects average fixed costs.

In a perfectly competitive market, firms aim to produce at the quantity where marginal cost equals marginal revenue, minimizing costs while maximizing efficiency. Understanding these cost structures allows firms to make informed production and pricing decisions, crucial for maintaining competitiveness in the market.
Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Cost Curves in a Competitive Market for Titanium** In analyzing the competitive market for titanium, it's important to understand the cost structures that firms face. Regardless of the number of firms, each one encounters similar cost patterns described by the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves. The graph visualizes these concepts in detail. **Graph Explanation:** - **Axes:** - The horizontal axis represents the quantity of titanium produced, measured in thousands of pounds. - The vertical axis denotes costs in dollars per pound. - **Curves:** - **Marginal Cost (MC):** This curve is shown in orange. It initially decreases, reaching a minimum point, and then starts to rise steeply. The MC curve intersects both the ATC and AVC curves at their lowest points. - **Average Total Cost (ATC):** Displayed in green, the ATC curve is U-shaped. It initially decreases due to spreading out fixed costs, ultimately rising because of increasing variable costs. - **Average Variable Cost (AVC):** Shown in purple, the AVC curve is also U-shaped, lying below the ATC curve. The gap between the AVC and ATC curves reflects average fixed costs. In a perfectly competitive market, firms aim to produce at the quantity where marginal cost equals marginal revenue, minimizing costs while maximizing efficiency. Understanding these cost structures allows firms to make informed production and pricing decisions, crucial for maintaining competitiveness in the market.
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