Two enzymes, E1 and E2, respectively catalyze the conversion of A to B, and B to C in two reactions in series. r1 and r2 denote reaction rates. Both reactions follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Rm and Km for E1 and E2 are 5 mmol/(L*s), 2.5 mM, and 10 mmol/(L*s), 0.1 mM, respectively. Reaction rate is based on the cellular volume. The product, C, is then secreted out of the cell. (a) At a steady-state, the cell converts 2 mmol/(L*s) of A to C. What are the intracellular concentrations of A and B? (b) Now, the supply rate of A is increased to 4 mmol/(L*s), but E1 and E2 remain at same levels. What are the new concentrations of A and B?
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
Two enzymes, E1 and E2, respectively catalyze the conversion of A to B, and B to C in two reactions in series. r1 and r2 denote reaction rates. Both reactions follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics.
Rm and Km for E1 and E2 are 5 mmol/(L*s), 2.5 mM, and 10 mmol/(L*s), 0.1 mM, respectively.
(a) At a steady-state, the cell converts 2 mmol/(L*s) of A to C. What are the intracellular concentrations of A and B?
(b) Now, the supply rate of A is increased to 4 mmol/(L*s), but E1 and E2 remain at same levels. What are the new concentrations of A and B?
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