Three new cast-iron pipes connected in series have diameters of 30 cm, 25 cm, and 20 cm, each being 100 m long. The largest pipe leads from a reservoir and the smallest discharges into the air. Determine the total head loss when the discharge is 200 liters per second. What must be the elevation of the outlet end of the pipe with respect to the water surface elevation in the reservoir? n for Manning’s equation is 0.013 and the minor head loss due to contraction is 35% of the velocity head on the pipe after the change in cross in the direction of flow. Draw the approximate EGL and HGL.

Three new cast-iron pipes connected in series have diameters of 30 cm, 25 cm, and 20 cm, each being 100 m long. The largest pipe leads from a reservoir and the smallest discharges into the air. Determine the total head loss when the discharge is 200 liters per second. What must be the elevation of the outlet end of the pipe with respect to the water surface elevation in the reservoir? n for Manning’s equation is 0.013 and the minor head loss due to contraction is 35% of the velocity head on the pipe after the change in cross in the direction of flow. Draw the approximate EGL and HGL.