This question is designed to help you understand the constant mass expansion (CME) experiment for an oil mixture. A cylinder is divided by a piston. Oil sample is at the top of the cylinder and the water, used as a pressurizing fluid, is at the bottom of the cylinder. The top side (oil-sample side) of the cylinder is a closed system. During a CME process, pressure in the cylinder is gradually decreased from above to below the saturation pressure at a constant temperature, i.e. from P₁ to Ps, and the volume of the oil sample should be record at each pressure step. In the figure below, assume that when pressure is decreased from P₁ to Ps, the pressure decrease in every step is the same. 1. (3 points) Complete the figure below by indicating the position of piston as well as interface between liquid and vapor, if any, at each pressure step. Position of piston at P, has been given. 2. (2 points) Connect the geometric centers of all the pistons and make some observations. Oil sample in liquid Piston Water P₁>>Psat P₂>Psat P3-Psat P4

The atmospheric lapse rate on a particular day is constant in the lower part of the atmosphere. At ground level, the pressure is 1020 mBar and the temperature is 15°C. At a height z1 the pressure and temperature are 975 mBar and 11.5 °C. Determine the atmospheric temperature gradient, and the height z1.  

5. Solar ponds are small artificial lakes used to store solar energy. The rise of heated (and thus less dense) water to the surface is prevented by adding salt at the pond bottom. In a typical salt gradient solar pond, the density of water increases in the gradient zone, as shown. For H 4 m, po 1040 kg/m³, and a thickness of 0.8 m for the surface zone, calculate the gauge pressure at the bottom of the gradient zone. V S Sun = = H=4m = Surface zone Po 1040 kg/m³ Increasing salinity and density Gradient zone Storage zone - (2 Po=1040 kg/m P= Po(1+35+5²)

True or false: Osmotic pressure can be explained by the difference in fugacities

Suppose that exactly half of the annular volume between concentric, horizontal cylinders is filled with a liquid and half with a gas, as shown below on the left. When the inner cylinder is rotated at an angular velocity , it is found that one interface rises to a height H above the other. The gap between the cylinders is sufficiently thin (W<< R) that local Cartesian coordinates can be used, as shown on the right. (For clarity, the gap width is exaggerated on the left.) All of the following questions concern flow in the liquid, which is Newtonian with constant properties. g R+W Gas Ω Liquid R H y Enlargement of liquid-filled gap X W ΩR Fixed (a) Assuming steady, fully developed flow, determine Vx(y) in the liquid in terms of dp/dx. (At this point, dp/dx is unknown.) (b) Relate dIP/dx in the liquid to H. You can assume that the absolute pressure in the gas is nearly constant (P = Po) and that surface tension is negligible. (c) Calculate H. That is, relate H to the rotation rate (),…

the pressure drop across the tube bank, and (c) the rate of condensation of steam inside the tubes. Evaluate the air properties at an assumed mean temperature of 35°C and 1 atm. Is this a good assumption?solve this part too

HOMEWORK-2 Considering the steady-state laminar flow of a liquid with density p and viscosity p in a vertical tube of length L and radius R; a) Show the momentum flux and velocity profile in the figure. b) Determine the momentum flux distribution, the velocity distribution, the maximum velocity (Vzmax), and the average velocity (Vzaverage) expressions. PL L R ! Po 1111111 Flow in

1) Consider the infinitely tall, annular mixing tank. The fluid to be mixed is Fluid between the inner cylinder and the outer wall. The fluid is mixed by a Fluid spinning the inner cylinder at an angular velocity of n (s-1). The tank has an inner radius of R (m) and the R. inner cylinder has a diameter of k (m). Fluid There is no net flow in the vertical or radial directions. Top view Answer the following questions about Side view this sytem:

It is desired to have a laminar flow for the piping system shown below. The fluid flowing in the piping system is air at 70 °C. (Note: You must use the physical data from Perry's Handbook) a) Calculate the maximum allowable bulk velocity in m/s for pipes 1, 2, and 3 that will satisfy the statement above. The velocities obtained must satisfy the continuity equation. b) Calculate the Reynolds number of each pipe using the velocity values obtained earlier. c) Calculate the mass flow rate of the system (in kg/min). 3. 2 12-in. pipe 2-in. pipe 3-in. pipe 1/2-in. pipe

1. FA Newtonian fluid is flowing between two large parallel plates in the z direction. The top plate is moving in the positive z direction at a constant velocity Vo. The bottom plate is stationary. The velocity profile this flow is given by V(y) = V₁ (a) (b) (77) where 2H is the distance between the two plates. y is the vertical coordinate from the center plane, and is the velocity profile as a function of y. Draw a schematic of the flow system with the appropriate coordinate system. For plates with a total width W in the x-direction and length L in the z-direction, derive an expression for the volumetric flow rate Q through the plates.