Thionyl chloride (SOCI,) is a chlorinating reagent used to prepare alkyl halides from alcohols. Draw the Lewis structure of SOCI, (with minimized formal charges) then determine the hybridization of the sulfur atom.

Describe the concept of hybridization with examples of ethane, ethylene, and acetylene molecules

4. Silicon is an interesting atom because it behaves similarly to carbon. There is speculation in the scientific field that aliens could be made of silicon structures rather than carbon. The following structures are silicon versions of important carbon signaling molecules in our body. 1.) What is the electron geometry and hybridization for each of these structures? H-Si-H H-H Silane Silanone Silicon Dioxide e geometry: e geometry: hybridization: e geometry: hybridization: hybridization: 2.) Based on what you have described above, match the orbital diagram below with the correct molecule above:

Each of the structures for ClOCl, NCOH, and ClNO has atoms connected in the order given in their formulas. Identify the type of hybridization for the central atom in each compound.

which of the following is an advantage of valence bond theory over lewis structures? gives information about bond length gives information about bond strength uses electrons in orbitals or all the above

Give the hybridization for the S in SF6.

Hybrid Orbitals Hybrid orbitals are formed by combining the valence orbitals on an atom. They are composed of There are (number) They have an electron pair geometry of S Р d hybrid orbitals represented by this picture. atomic orbitals, corresponding to With bond angles of (If more than one bond angle is possible, sarate each with a space). hybridization. O

1. a) Draw the dominant Lewis structure for the allene molecule (1,2-propyl diene, CH2CCH2 ) and use VSEPR theory to determine the molecule's geometry. In specifying the geometry give all bond angles and specify which nuclei lie in the same plane. b) Propose a hybridization and bonding scheme for the atoms in allene. That is, specify how each of the atoms is hybridized, which atomic orbitals overlap to form bonding molecular orbitals, and the nature (i.e., sigma", pi, etc.) of these molecular orbitals. c) Draw a plausible valence molecular orbital level diagram for allene (include only bonding MOs) based on the results from (b). d) Based on the work from (c) deduce the valence electronic configuration of the ground state of allene. e) Is the molecule planar or nonplanar? Explain your answer   Answer subparts c, d, and e

3. For each of the following compounds, indicate the total number of valence electrons - VE, draw the Lewis structure(s), calculate the bond order - BO- of the central ion, calculate the formal charge of each atom in the molecule, and determine the hybridization of the central ion. Show the formal charges in () to the upper right of each atom, then put the bond order and central atom hybridization (CAH - Ex. sp) on the lines provided. Under the structure (resonance structures if the molecule has them), name the general and specific shapes of the molecule. a) BF3 in novaw VE = b) XeF4 c) SO3 General Shape (Electron Domain Geometry) = Specific Shape (Molecular Geometry) = d) SO3²- (latot) 9V General Shape (Electron Domain Geometry) = Specific Shape (Molecular Geometry) = noi General Shape (Electron Domain Geometry)=niku (1) Specific Shape (Molecular Geometry) = Syriw bo sidodong pnom srit ai esutaunta General Shape (Electron Domain Geometry) = Specific Shape (Molecular Geometry) = BO =…