Think a price making firm (monopolist) with a downward-sloping demand curve is one with a price elasticity of demand equal to-1. This is illustrated in the following diagram. P=AR 20 X Expenditure stays the same as price changes
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- Can you think of any examples of successful predatory pricing in the real world?Suppose the market for Hula Hoops is monopolized by a single firm. a. Draw the initial equilibrium for such a market. b. Now suppose the demand for Hula Hoops shifts outward slightly. Show that, in general (contrary to the competitive case), it will not be possible to predict the effect of this shift in demand on the market price of Hula Hoops. c. Consider three possible ways in which the price elasticity of demand might change as the demand curve shifts: It might increase, it might decrease, or it might stay the same. Consider also that marginal costs for the monopolist might be increasing, decreasing, or constant in the range where MR=MC Consequently, there are nine different combinations of types of demand shifts and marginal cost slope configurations. Analyze each of these to determine for which it is possible to make a definite prediction about the effect of the shift in demand on the price of Hula Hoops.Imagine a monopolist could charge a different price to every customer based on how much he or she were willing to pay. How would this affect monopoly profits?
- (c) A discriminating monopolist is faced with the following price elasticities: e1-0.75 and What pricing policy should the monopolist adopt in the two markets? In which market will it be profitable for the monopolist to operate? Assume now that er ez 0.50, will it be advisable for the monopolist to discriminate or operate a single market? run. Briefly explain why the monopolist has no unique supply curve in the short Unlike the competitive firm, the monopoly firm can make supernormal profit in the long run. Explain why. e-1.50 i. ii. iii. iv. V.3. Consider a monopolist who faces the following demand: Demand: P= 100 – 10Q MC= 50+20 a) Find the price quantity combination that maximizes profit for the monopolist. b) Is the firm making positive, negative or zero profits? (100,100) Kareem chooses (60, 105) (500, 400) Saleem chooses Kareem chooses (50,420) 4. Calculate the SPNE/SPNES for the game stated above.Problem 3 uppose an airline has monopoly over a certain route. The estimated price elasticity of demand for business travelers is E-12, while the price elasticity of demand for leisure travelers is Ey-24. The airline wants to set the prices separately for business and vacation travelers. Economy Firat Class Only i the marginal cost of transporting each passenger is the same, und the airline is able to separate the two groups perfoctly, what is the optimal surcharge (in ) on business travelers? Oor example. fleiture travelers pay 100, and business ravelers pay 200, then the surcharge is 100%) Anvwer b) Suppose that in order to separste business travelen, the airline must offer them slightly better conditions on board (for enample, serve them a meal). As a resul, the marginal cost of flying a basiness traveler is 30% higher than for a leivare traveler. What is the optimal surcharge (in ) on business fravelers in this case? Awwer Now suppose the airline introdaces a Basi Economy fare,…
- Suppose an airline sells air tickets to two types of customer – business travelersand vacation travelers. Their estimated demand elasticities are -2.5 and -4.0respectively.Suppose the marginal cost is constant at $240, and the services provided to thetwo types of customer are similar. Calculate the fares the airline should charge on the air tickets sold to therespective types of customers. Show your calculations.The diagram bow depts the demand curve (D), the marginal revenue curve (MRO), the marginal cost curve (MC), the average variable cost con (C) and the (ATC) for a monopoly producing a good named ALPHA2 Based upon the information shown on the graphs, determine the maximum profits of the moneonly knowing that the seat value of Xie 35 247 15 Price 10 54 25 204 40 60 sst 50+ 45 30 x+ MC ATC AVC MR 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170O OO The above graph shows the market demand function for a product. Assume that the market is served by a perfectly-price-discriminating monopolist with a constant marginal cost of production equal to $4 (MC = $4) and no fixed cost (FC = 0). The deadweight loss equals: DWL - $72 DWL - $0 DWL- -$48 DWL - $84 DWL-$36 $30 $28 $26 $24 $22 $20 Question 23 $18 $16 $14 $12 $10 $8 $6 $4 $2 $0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
- Exercise A.3 Compare the competitive equilibrium with that of the first-degree price discriminating monopolist. Indicate the similarities and differences that exist in prices, quantities produced, consumer surplus and loss of efficiency between both situations. Represent graphically assuming that the marginal cost is constantAn art museum is trying to determine what they should charge for admission. The fixed cost of operations per day are $6,000 and the additional cost of admitting an extra person into the museum is zero. Price 10 8 642 Quantity of Adults 50 100 200 1 280 400 Quantity of Children 0 0 50 100 250 The table above shows the quantity of tickets sold at different price points. If the museum CAN price discriminate they should charge Select adult tickets and Select for children's tickets. If they CANNOT price discriminate they should charge Select tickets. ✓ for forThe diagram shows the equilibrium of a profit-maximising monopolist. Cost/revenue (£) Which area represents the supernormal profits made by the monopolist? OABQ MC ABDH AC ABFG B JCFG Al АВСЈ G AR MR Quantity (Q) O o o O O