There is no energy stored in the capacitor at the time the switch in the circuit makes contact with terminal a. The switch remains at position a for 32 ms and then moves instantaneously to position b. Take C = 840nF. How many milliseconds after making contact with terminal aa does the op amp saturate?

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There is no energy stored in the capacitor at the time the switch in the circuit makes contact with terminal a. The switch remains at position a for 32 ms and then moves instantaneously to position b. Take C = 840nF.

How many milliseconds after making contact with terminal aa does the op amp saturate? 

 

**Transcription and Explanation of the Circuit Diagram:**

This circuit diagram presents a scenario involving an operational amplifier (op-amp) with specific resistor and voltage configurations. Let's break down the components and their connections in detail:

1. **Voltage Sources:**
   - The circuit includes two DC voltage sources. 
     - The first source provides 10 V.
     - The second source provides 5 V.

2. **Resistors:**
   - There are three resistors in the circuit:
     - A 40 kΩ resistor is connected in series with the 10 V voltage source.
     - A 90 kΩ resistor connected in series forms a junction labeled as point 'b' together with the 5 V source.
     - A 160 kΩ resistor is connected to the inverting terminal of the op-amp.

3. **Junctions and Switching:**
   - The junction point labeled 'a' is connected to the 10 V and 5 V sources through the 40 kΩ and 90 kΩ resistors respectively.
   - A switching action is indicated at junction 'a,' highlighted by the notation "t = 32 ms," suggesting the point at which the switch may alter its connection from 'a' to 'b'.

4. **Operational Amplifier Configuration:**
   - The op-amp is configured with a capacitor 'C' connected in feedback, implying potential integration or differentiation functionality.
   - The non-inverting terminal is grounded.
   - The output of the op-amp is denoted as "vₒ."

5. **Capacitor:**
   - A capacitor labeled 'C' is connected in parallel with a 10 V source across the op-amp, indicating its role in affecting the signal response based on the circuit arrangement.

The circuit demonstrates concepts such as voltage supply interaction, resistor network effects, and op-amp behavior in circuit response manipulation. The presence of a switch and its time-dependent operation suggests the study of transient responses within this circuit configuration.
Transcribed Image Text:**Transcription and Explanation of the Circuit Diagram:** This circuit diagram presents a scenario involving an operational amplifier (op-amp) with specific resistor and voltage configurations. Let's break down the components and their connections in detail: 1. **Voltage Sources:** - The circuit includes two DC voltage sources. - The first source provides 10 V. - The second source provides 5 V. 2. **Resistors:** - There are three resistors in the circuit: - A 40 kΩ resistor is connected in series with the 10 V voltage source. - A 90 kΩ resistor connected in series forms a junction labeled as point 'b' together with the 5 V source. - A 160 kΩ resistor is connected to the inverting terminal of the op-amp. 3. **Junctions and Switching:** - The junction point labeled 'a' is connected to the 10 V and 5 V sources through the 40 kΩ and 90 kΩ resistors respectively. - A switching action is indicated at junction 'a,' highlighted by the notation "t = 32 ms," suggesting the point at which the switch may alter its connection from 'a' to 'b'. 4. **Operational Amplifier Configuration:** - The op-amp is configured with a capacitor 'C' connected in feedback, implying potential integration or differentiation functionality. - The non-inverting terminal is grounded. - The output of the op-amp is denoted as "vₒ." 5. **Capacitor:** - A capacitor labeled 'C' is connected in parallel with a 10 V source across the op-amp, indicating its role in affecting the signal response based on the circuit arrangement. The circuit demonstrates concepts such as voltage supply interaction, resistor network effects, and op-amp behavior in circuit response manipulation. The presence of a switch and its time-dependent operation suggests the study of transient responses within this circuit configuration.
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