There are two power plants in a country and both are damaging to the environment. Together they emit 500 tons of sulfer dioxide per month,but the government would like to reduce emissions to 50 tons (eд+ eg 50). The firms have the following Marginal Abatement Cost Curves:MACA 300-3еAMAC 200-2eBGiven that the government wants to use an optimal effluent tax to reduce the total combined level of emissions to 50 tons, what is the optimalnumber of emissions for firm A under this effluent tax?4040Question 2Using the information in question 1A, what is the optimal number of emissions for firm B?10Question 3Using the information in question 1C, what is the optimal effluent tax?180Question 41 pts1 pts1 ptsUsing the information from question 1A, what is the total cost (tax cost abatement cost) for firm A? (hint: you may want to draw a graph tohelp you answer the question).12.600

The total reduction in emissions required is the difference between the current emissions and the…

Answered: There are two power plants in a country…

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency investigates how emissions of an environmentally hazardous substance from an industrial sector should be regulated, either through a tax on the emissions or through a quantitative regulation (limit value). As this is a new substance (new substance), knowledge of the level of environmental damage and the costs of reducing emissions is uncertain. In more technical terms: the regulatory authorities do not have complete information on the positions on either the dD / dM curve (marginal damages) or the MAC curve (marginal abatement costs). a) Explain and show graphically whether - and if so how - the uncertainty about the position of the MAC curve affects the choice between regulating emissions with a tax or limit value from a socio-economic efficiency perspective. b) Explain and show graphically whether - and if so how - the uncertainty about the position of the dD / dM curve affects the choice between regulating emissions with a tax or limit…
Lecture: Externality - Pigou8. All-Leather is a tanning company located on Lake Michigan in Chicago. Its total cost functionis C(QA) = 125 + 8QA + 5QA2, where QA is leather production per week in thousands of pounds.a) If leather sells for $408 per thousand pounds, how much leather will All-Leather produce?How much profit does All-leather earn?Enjoy is a beverage company located on Lake Michigan near All-Leather in Chicago. Enjoy’sproduction of beverages is negatively affected by water pollution from All-Leather’s productionof leather. Enjoy’s total cost function to produce beverages isC(QE) = 10QE +3QE2 + 3QA2where QE is Enjoy’s weekly production of beverages, in thousandsof gallons and, as above, QA is All-Leather’s weekly production of leather.b) Is this an example of a pecuniary externality or a real externality? Explain.c) What is the extra cost to Enjoy from an additional thousand tons of leather production by AllLeather (i.e., the external marginal cost of an extra unit of QA…
State whether the fallowing statements is TRUE or FALSE. Explain your reasoning briefly. a) Noise produced by alcraft around an international airport is excudable and rival.
1. Suppose that the Marginal Abatement Cost function and the Marginal Damage function for an industry are given as follows: For simplicity here, we are assuming that they are linear. a. Graph the MAC and MD curves for this industry. Make sure you are marking out any and all relevant axis intercepts. MAC 100- 0.8e MD = 0.2e b. Suppose that an emission tax is imposed to achieve the efficient outcome, at what value should the government set the tax? Explain. c. e. At the efficient tax established in part b. what is the expected level of emissions? Explain. d. At the efficient tax, what is the dollar amount of the tax payment by firms to the government? Explain. What is the total abatement cost incurred due to the tax? Explain. f. What is the total cost to the firm with this emissions tax? Explain. g. Which policy is more costly to the polluting firm? An efficient standard or an efficient emissions tax? Explain. Use numbers to support your answer. Hint for Question 1: remember from basic…
Two power plants operate in the same town. Each plant currently emits 7 tons of emissions per year or 14 tons per year total. The town wishes to reduce emissions to 10 tons per year overall to achieve an abatement target of 4 tons per year. Power plant 1 has marginal abatement costs given by: MC₁ = 12-2A1, Power plant 2 has marginal abatement costs given by: MC2 = 10-A2. Suppose the government wished to cost-effectively achieve the abatement target using a Pigouvian Tax. What tax should the government set to do so? Assume the marginal benefits of abatement are zero.
Gozilla Inc. can generate 100 (CO2) emissions without any regulation. The marginal control cost for Gozilla Inc., associated with emission reduction, is known MC=20+0.5Q where Q is reduced units. Suppose that the regulator impose an emission standard on Gozilla: According to the emission standard, the factory is allowed to emit 40 units. The level of reduction in the emission standard could be accomplished through an emission charge (quantity tax or penalty fee on emission). An emission charge of per emission unit would generate the target amount of reduction. Total (tax) revenue the regulator will collect as emission charges would be Hint: Type integers. Do not use thousands separators.
Consider an industry with two firms that emit a uniformly mixed air pollutant (e.g., carbon dioxide). The marginal abatement cost functions for Firm 1 and Firm 2 are: MAC1 = 100 - e1 MAC2 = 100 - 4e2 Aggregate emissions for the industry are denoted as E = e1 + e2. [1] In an unregulated environment how many units of emissions does each firm emit? Firm 1’s unregulated level of emissions ____________ Firm 2’s unregulated level of emissions ____________ Total unregulated level of emissions ______________
Rubidoux Adventures supplies professional guides for climbs up Mt. Rubidoux. The company has two guides, Rocky and Cliff. Because Mt. Rubidoux is a pretty easy climb, the company has only two customers, Ken and Lucy. The table below shows the guides' marginal costs for each climb as well as the customers' MWTP for guided climbs. Use this table to answer the questions that follow. Assume that only whole climbs are available. MCRocky (S/climb) Climbs MCClff MWTPKen MWTPLucy (S/climb) (S/climb) (S/climb) 1 4 1 24 22 2 6. 23 21 3 7 4. 21 18 4 11 7 19 16 13 9 17 11 16 12 14 8 7 19 14 11 6 21 16 9 3 What is Ken's reservation price? O a. 22 Ob. 23 OC 24 O d. 21
Appalachian Coal Mining believes that it can increase labor productivity and, therefore, net revenue by reducing air pollution in its mines. It estimates that the marginal cost function for reducing pollution by installing additional capital equipment is MC = 40P where P represents a reduction of one unit of pollution in the mines. It also feels that for every unit of pollution reduction, the marginal increase in revenue (MR) is MR = 1,000 - 10P How much pollution reduction should Appalachian Coal Mining undertake?
Consider an industry of 2 firms with the following marginal abatement cost functions: MAC1 = 300 – 30e1 MAC2 = 500 – 20e2 1. Calculate the total abatement cost for both firms of reaching the aggregate emissions level of 20 tons via the tax? Don’t include the tax payments. Firm 1’s Total Abatement Cost $_____ Firm 2’s Total Abatement Cost $______2. Suppose you want to limit aggregate emissions to 20 tons with a competitive tradeable emissions permit system. If Firm 1 is given 5 permits and Firm 2 is given 15 permits, after trading how many permits will each firm end up with?Firm 1:____Firm 2:____ Please give correct information, I been getting a lot of wrong answer so far.
Firms within the country of Anviliania are currently emitting pollutants. These pollutants cause damages within Anviliania. However, the pollutants also cause damages to the properties and health of residents of countries that share borders with Anviliania. The Marginal Abatement Costs of the firms in Anviliania can be represented by the equation MAC(Anvil.) = 750 -2.3 e The Marginal Damage Costs to the residents of Anviliania are given by MDC (Anvil.) =- - 40 + 10 e The Marginal Damage Costs to all residents (including the residents of Anviliania) are MDC (Globe) = -20+ 12 e a. Draw a diagram representing this situation. b. Determine the magnitude of the local market failure and the global market failure. c. Suppose that the Anvilianian government has given production subsidies to the firms in Anviliania. As a result, the firms have increased production (and the number of firms have increased.). Consequently, the aggregate MAC is now MAC' (Anvil.) = 800 - 2.3 e. Determine the…

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