The viral envelope is made up of _______.       A. Lipids and Proteins B. Proteins C. Glycoproteins D. AOTA E. NOTA

Q: At which stage in viral replication does the genetic information enter the host cell? a. Penetration…

A: a)- Penetration

Q: What will you find at the center of a clear plaque?

A: Plaques is opaque field of bacterial cultures which are infected by a virus or bacteriophage.

Q: What is happening at the point marked I in the diagram?

A: Virion attaches itself to the host cell. The presence or absence of specific receptors on the cell…

Q: Label the key to indicate the functions of the genes in the HIV genome. Infectivity and budding…

A: AIDS is caused by the human immuno deficiency virus (HIV), a member of a group of virus called…

Q: Viral “spikes” are usually involved in    A. Uncoating the virus particle  B. Killing the host cell…

A: The small microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye are called microorganisms or…

Q: Stress can cause a latent virus to enter the lytic cycle, resulting in symptoms for the host. A.…

A: Virus is non - cellular particle which is smaller than the bacteria.  They  act as alive when enter…

Q: Prior to entry, the _________ glycoprotein of the HIV virus recognizes the ______ receptor on the…

A: Step 1 Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is a rounded enveloped retrovirus with a core having two…

Q: What component of the virion is gained in the process of budding?

A: Viruses are obligate parasites. They are non cellular entities which have their RNA (ribonucleic…

Q: Viruses may include of any of the following structures, EXCEPT: a. DNA   b. ribosomes…

A: Viruses are the small microorganisms that are parasites to humans, plants and other organisms. These…

Q: Cells produce mRNA by transcription of their DNA genomes. In contrast, single-stranded RNA genome…

A: As per the guidelines, we are supposed to answer only one question. Kindly repost the other question…

Q: During viral infection, attachment is usually specific to a particular celltype becausea. the virus…

A: Viruses do not come under the categories of Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes as they exhibit the dual…

Q: Match the best possible fit for the following Animal virus replication stages. A. Attachment B.…

A: Viruses contain nucleic acid/ribonucleic acid in the core region while the exterior/…

Q: Viruses code for their own independent protein synthesis. A. True B. False

A: The mechanism by which cells make proteins is known as protein synthesis. Transcription and…

Q: 73) Provirus is a term to describe a. The empty capsid without the genome in case of viruses with…

A: Provirus is the viral form that is integrated into the host cell DNA and replicate to transmit them…

Q: (-)ss RNA viruses carry RNA polymerase within the particle. A. true B. false

A: RNA polymerases are the main enzymes that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template. During transcription…

Q: Viruses replicate by entering a cell and using the host cell's enzymes to produce more copies of…

A: 1- Volume of sphere- 4/3πr3 2- Volume of cylinder= πr2 h Diameter= 2r Here: π=3.14 r=radius of…

Q: To be considered a virus, a virus MUST… _____be able to insert (recombine) its genes into the main…

A: In the living world, we see a large number of microorganisms, animals and plants. These organisms…

Q: 82) The viral assembly a. The assembly of human adenovirus in the cytoplasm b. The assembly of…

A: The microorganisms are the microscopic living things that can be observed only under a microscope.…

Q: prophage is a stage in the development of a/ana. bacterial virus. b. poxvirus.c. lytic virusd.…

A: To answer this question we must have knowledge about microbiology.

Q: 97) In order for a retrovirus to be infectious a. The p25 protein is cleaved by the protease enzyme…

A: Introduction: Retroviruses are a family of viruses that are grouped together based on how it is…

Q: Symptoms of viral infections are caused by: (choose all that apply) A. Actions of the virus that…

A: Viruses are unicellular organisms with genetic material, such as DNA or RNA, encased in a protein…

Q: FIGURE 4. The human protein known as PCNA [proliferating cell nuclear antigen] interacts with the…

A: The question asked pertains to a recent study on how the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19,…

Q: What is the exact role of each specific viral protein? Explain

A: Norovirus is a contagious virus that is responsible for inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract…

Q: Viral structure can best be described as a ___.

A: Viral structure is not well defined.

Q: Which of the following hypothetical viruses could NOT replicate in a host cell? It assumes that…

A: The correct answer would be option A i.e., the virus has ssDNA genome and replicates in the…

Q: Find the wrong information about virus attachment and absorption to host cell. A. The surface…

A: Viruses are simple, noncellular entities consisting of one or more molecules of either DNA or RNA…

Q: After attachment and entry, the next step of viral lifecycle is to…

A: To complete their life cycle, the viruses require a host cell. This is due to the fact that they…

Q: 1. "Describe how the T‐even bacteriophage attaches and enters the host cells. Which part of the…

A: T-even bacteriophage-tolerant mutants are Escherichia coli strains that can adsorb T-even phages but…

Q: 1. Which of the follovwing is NOT considered CPE caused by virus infection? A. Cytolysis B. Electron…

A: Viruses: These are non -cellular ,simple microbes having one or more molecule of DNA and RNA…

Q: Which receptor of the influenza virus is most involved in binding tothe respiratory cells?a.…

A: The influenza virus is the causative agent of infection disease known as influenza also called flu…

Q: Structurally, a virus consists of a. DNA and RNA b. Capsid c. Protein molecule at its core d.…

A: The virus are classified as intermediate form in between the living and non-living materials. They…

Q: The following diagram shows the life cycle of the lytic virus, the symbol that indicates the stage…

A: Viruses have two types of life cycle lytic and lysogenic. In lysogenic type of lifecycle it insert…

Q: A prophage occurs during the reproduction cycle of

A: the virus which infect the bacterial cell is termed as the bacteriophage. the prophage is formed…

Q: Which of the following components of a virus is NOT encoded by its own genome? O capsid of HIV O…

A: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that primarily infects human immune cells,…

Q: Your doctor tells your friend that he has a viral infection in his throat. The pain is intolerable…

A: Given:  My friend has a viral infection in his throat, according to the doctor. He needs to study…

Q: Poliovirus contains a protein that possesses an NLS. A drug is developed that binds and hides this…

A: NLS or nuclear localization signal IA an amino acid sequence that tags a protein for import into the…

Virus

Viruses are infectious microscopic agents that can only reproduce in live cells of animals, plants, or microbes and are smaller than bacteria. Vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, protists, and fungi are among their many hosts. Viruses are unable to multiply on their own due to the lack of necessary cellular machinery, but they can guide the cell machinery of a host to make additional viruses by infection. The virus enters and attaches to a particular host cell, injects its genetic material, and reproduces by using the host’s genetic material. Viruses cause infection by taking entry into the host cell and using the host cell’s enzymes and raw materials to multiply.