The symptoms in scarlet fever are due toa. streptolysin b. coagulase c. erythrogenic toxin d. alpha-toxin

Q: Adenoviruses are the agents ofa. hemorrhagic cystitis b. keratoconjunctivitis c. common cold d. all…

A: Adenovirus is a virus that was isolated from the adenoids of young children. The family of…

Q: Patients with sever ly reduced C3 levels tend to have а. Increased number of severe viral infections…

A: C3 means complement component is a protein present in the immune system. It is important for innate…

Q: Systemic anaphylaxis is caused by the presence of allergen in _____. a. the gastrointestinal tract…

A: Systemic anaphylaxis is a form of immediate hypersensitivity, arises when mast cells and possibly…

Q: The specific action of hemolysins is toa. damage white blood cellsb. cause feverc. damage red blood…

A: Hemolysins are basically the pore forming exotoxins from the bacteria. It is either lipid or…

Q: Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. An example of an…

A: Inflammation is a part of the natural feedback of the body to harmful stimuli, such as allergens and…

Q: B cells: a. are produced in the adult spleen b. lyse bactterial cell walls by secreting digestive…

A: B lymphocytes (B cells) are type of white blood cell. They play important role in the humoral immune…

Q: A patient is infected with S. aureus but shows no signs of abnormal increase in white blood cell…

A: Staphylococcus aureus  is a member of the gram postive bacteria, and it is a usual member of the…

Q: What are signs of chronic granulomatous disease?a. unresolved inflammationb. opportunistic fungal…

A: When foreign materials from outside of the body, like bacteria and virus, enter inside the body,…

Q: All of the following are signs of inflammation except

A: Inflammation is a defense mechanism used by your body's white blood cells and the substances they…

Q: .BCG provides protection from the following infections EXCEPT: a. Tuberculosis b. Leprosy c.…

A: We know a Vaccine is a preparation that mainly provides immunity against a given disease. Types of…

Q: A 12-year-old presents with 6 days of nasal congestion with thin, clear rhinorrhea. She notes mild…

A: Nasal congestion, also known as a stuffy or blocked nose, occurs when the tissues lining the nasal…

Q: 87. A 24-year-old woman is brought to the emergency because of a 1-day history of fever and diffuse…

A: Allergic reactions are the response of our immune system toward substances called allergens when…

Q: Early lesions in Rocky Mountain spotted fever may resemble the rash of a. measles. b. chickenpox. c.…

A: Microbes or microorganisms are mainly visible under the instrument microscope. Several organisms…

Q: vaccine

A: Vaccination is a method in which a Individual get immunity against the specific disease. It makes…

Q: Human brucellosis is also known asa. Bang disease b. undulant fever c. rabbit fever d. Malta fever

A: brucellosis, it is a zoonotic disease which means infection is spread by the animals. There are…

Q: Describe the cause and effect chains that leads to at least 2 symptoms.

A: Sickle cell anemia is a problem influencing red platelets, the cells that convey oxygen from the…

Q: What causes the majority of lung tissue damage in pneumonia?   a. toxins produced by pathogens…

A: The majority of lung tissue damage in pneumonia is caused by  toxins produced by pathogens invading…

Q: a person has a throat infection and a culture reveals a bacterial infection. in this case a person…

A: White blood cells are essential for the immune system and are otherwise called leukocytes. They are…

Q: Yellow fever is most associated with which of the following?

A: Yellow fever is caused by the yellow fever virus, which is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to…

Q: An antibiotic that disrupts the normal flora can causea. the teeth to turn brown b. aplastic anemia…

A: The normal flora of a tissue maintains the number of microorganisms under control. Each species…

Q: A positive tuberculin skin test indicates that a patient not immunized against tuberculosis a. is…

A: The body's defence mechanism against allergens, autoimmunity, and venom is hypersensitivity. Pollen,…

Q: 36. A type III hypersensitivity involves a. B cells, ADCC, complement b. cells releasing…

A: "Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question…

Q: Fever can indicate that a. the pathogen remains on the skin D. the body is responding to an…

A: Normal temperature of the body is 98.6 degree fahrenheit. Fever occurs when this temperature rises.

Q: A cephalosporin that may cause a CU Ceftriaxone O a. O b. Cefaclor O c. Cephalexin O d. Cephamycin

A: Cephalosporins are a type of broad-spectrum, chemically synthesized -beta-lactam antibiotics and are…

Q: You are assessing a patient complaining of abdominal pain, musculoskeletal pain, and priapism. The…

A: Nursing assessment is the very first step in the assessment of a patient. It involves gathering…

Q: What are signs of chronic granulomatous disease? a. unresolved infl ammation b. opportunistic fungal…

A: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited disorder, also known as primary immunodeficiency…

Q: Which organism is the most common cause of hematogenous osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients?  a.…

A: An infection of the bone that results in inflammation, necrosis, and formation of new bone.

Q: Which of the following is not associated with H. influenzaeinfections?a. fever b. flu c. stiff neck…

A: Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms (nucleus is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane)…

Q: 32, Aspirin increases the formation of leukotrines,so it is contraindicated in?

A: Aspirin is a drug which is commonly used for the relieving pains; fevers etc.It is also used…

Q: A disease having a slow and long duration is referred to as    A. sporadic    B. chronic    C.…

A: Disease is defined as any change in the normal state of the body that it results into discomfort or…

Q: Which among the following is NOT considered a common symptom of COVID patient? Select one: a.…

A: Coronaviruses are a family of virus that cause illnesses like the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome…

Q: indicate that a. the pathogen remains on the skin b. the body is responding to an infection. c. a…

A: Introduction  A pathogen is an organism that causes disease. Pathogens may spread disease once they…

Q: Type B blood antibodies are A. IgE B. IgM C. IgG D. IgD E. IgA

A: In the ABO blood grouping system, a person with blood group A has antigen A on the cells and…

Q: 1. What causes the nasal symptoms of rhinitis? A. Bacteria B. Histamine C.…

A: 1. What causes the nasal symptoms of rhinitis? The air borne allergens such as the dust pollen etc…

Q: Fever can indicate that

A: Innate immunity is present since birth. It is formed by four barriers. A) Physical barrier - It…

Q: Relapsing fever is spread bya. lice b. ticks c. animal urine d. a and b

A: Infection may be caused by different microorganisms such as bacteria, virus, fungi or protozoa.…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.