Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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The primary source of phosphate for
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- Calculate theequilibrium constant and thefree energy of (Mg)ATP hydrolysis in a closed system in which concentrations of ATP, ADP and Piare, respectively, 3.5, 1.0, and 5 mMand 25 degrees Celsius. Is the reaction spontaneous?R = 8.314 J/(deg Kelvin-mol).arrow_forwardIntramitochondrial ATP concentrations are about 5 mM, and phosphate concentration is about 10 mM. Consider that ADP is five times more abundant than AMP. a. Calculate the molar concentrations of ADP and AMP at an energy charge of 0.85. b. Calculate ∆G' for ATP hydrolysis under these conditions (∆G0' for ATP hydrolysis is -32.2 kJ/mol) The energy charge is defined as ( [ATP] + 1/2 [ADP] ) / ( [ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP] )arrow_forwardThe following data were obtained in a study of an enzyme known to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics: Vo (micromol/min) Substrate added (mM) 200 1.0 400 2.0 800 4.0 1600 8.0 3200 16.0 The enzyme concentration used in all reactions is 106 M. Which of the following is true: O A) The Km for the reaction must be less than 1 mM ○ B) It is possible to determine Km for the reaction, but not Vmax or kcat OC) It is possible to determine only kcat, not Vmax or Km D) It is not possible to determine Vmax for the reaction OE) The ratio Vmax/Km for the reaction cannot be determinedarrow_forward
- The free energy of hydrolysis for acetic anhydride is221.8 kJ/ mol. The conversion of ATP to ADP also involvesthe cleavage of an anhydride bond. Its free energy of hydrolysis is 230 kJ/ mol. Explain the difference in these values.arrow_forwardTwenty-three milligrams of glucose were eaten by the bacteria Sanacoccus pumasareus. Calculate the hypothetical amount of ATP your patient can generate under aerobic respiration with this amount of glucose. (Note: Glucose MW-180.16 g/mole; 1 mole= 6.02 x 1023 molecules (Avogadro's number)). 2.8 x 10^24 ATPs 02.9 x 10^21 ATPs 028 x 10-21 ATP5 029 x 10 24 ATPS Lacks information, cannot be determinedarrow_forwardThe following data were collected in the study of a new enzyme and an inhibitor of the new enzyme: Vo (nmol/sec) [S] (µM). 1.3 - Inhibitor + Inhibitor 2.50 0.62 2.6 4.00 1.42 6.5 6.30 2.65 13.0 7.60 3.12 26.0 9.00 3.58 What is the Vmax of the inhibited enzyme reaction?arrow_forward
- Calculate the free energy change for glucose entry into cells when the extracellular concentration is 4.5 mM and the intracellular concentration is 2.1 mM at 37oC. Express your answer in kJ/mol.arrow_forwardWrite down the energy content in kilo-calories (kcal) from one gram of fat, one gram of carbohydrate and one gram of protein obtained by complete combustion in calorimeter (assume by yourself and show the calculation steps) and by completely broken down in human body in the following table. Please give references. Complete combustion in calorimeter * Completely broken down in body 1 g of Fat 1 g of Protein 1 g of Carbohydrate 1 g of Mixed Foodarrow_forwardAs a result of an experiment following measurements were obtained from a cell: ATP concentration of 0.5 mM, ADP concentration of 0.1 mM, inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentration of 2 mM. Under these conditions calculate the actual free energy (AG) of the reaction of hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi. (The standard energy (AG°) of ATP = -31 kJ/mol; RT = 2,58 kJ/mol) Select one: O a. -28 kJ/mol O b. -33 kJ/mol OC. -19 kJ/mol O d. -42 kJ/molarrow_forward
- Calculating ATP Yield 'Assumes an ATP equivalence: 2.5 ATP per NADH and 1.5 ATP per FADH2. * Assumes an ATP equivalence: 3 ATP per NADH and 2 ATP per FADH2. CH3(CH,) COOH ** 1st Formula 2nd Formula Capric Acid (7 x C) - 6 (8.5 x C) -7 Carbons = 10 (7 x 10) - 6 = 64ATP (8.5 x 10) - 7 = 78ATP 1. Palmitic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 16-carbon backbone. It is found naturally in palm oil and palm kernel oil, as well as in butter, cheese, milk and meat. Its chemical formula is CH;(CH2)14COOH. Calculate ATP using the first formula.arrow_forwardFree energy changes under intracellular conditions differ markedly from those determined under standard conditions. ΔG°′ = -32.2 kJ/mol for ATP hydrolysis to ADP and Pi. Calculate ΔG for ATP hydrolysis in a cell at 37 °C that contains [ATP] = 3 mM, [ADP] = 1 mM, and 3Pi4 = 1 mM.arrow_forwardA solution containing 0.00001 M ATP has transmission 70.2\% at 260 nm in 1 cm cuvette calculate the transmission of solution in a 3 cm cuvettearrow_forward
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