The presence or absence of a trait of interest in a lineage is said to be an uninformative character for a phylogenetic reconstruction when the number of changes for that trait  - A. occurs only in the outgroup and in one ingroup species. B. is the same for any hypothetical tree. C. is always different for any hypothetical tree. D. occurs only in the outgroup but not in any ingroup species.

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A: Bootstrap values in a phylogenetic tree indicate how many times, out of 100, the same branch is…

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Q: Notice that a couple of things are different from the previous charts. Firstly, the derived traits…

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Q: Paraphyletic groups

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A: Answer-----

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Q: LI - II HIII X H

A:

Evolutionary lineages

An evolutionary lineage is a series of populations of organisms that descend from a common ancestor. Each species in the lineage is the direct consequence of evolutionary change from a common ancestor. A phylogenetic tree is generally used to display lineages visually. Lineages are components of the phylogenetic tree of life. Molecular systematics procedures are widely used to predict lineages.