The Optical World Corporation, a manufacturerof peripheral vision storage systems, needs $10 million to market its new robotics-based vision systems.The firm is considering two financing options: common stock and bonds. If the firm decides to raise thecapital through issuing common stock, the flotationcosts will be 6%, and the share price will be $25. Ifthe firm decides to use debt financing, it can sell a10-year, 12% bond with a par value of $1,000. Thebond flotation costs will be 1.9%.(a) For equity financing, determine the flotationcosts and the number of shares to be sold to net$10 million.(b) For debt financing, determine the flotation costsand the number of $1,000 par value bonds tobe sold to net $10 million. What is the requiredannual interest payment?

Selling bonds. Lunar Vacations needs to raise $6,300,000 for its new project (a golf course on the moon). Astro Investment Bank will sell the bond for a commission of 2.7%. The market yield is currently 7.8% on twenty-year semiannual bonds. If Lunar wants to issue a 5.9% semiannual coupon bond, how many bonds will it need to sell to raise the $6,300,000? Assume that all bonds are issued at a par value of $1,000.

Dark Creek Corporation's CEO is selecting between two mutually exclusive projects. Thecompany needs to make a $3,500 payment to bondholders at the end of the year. To minimizeagency costs, the firm's bondholders decide to use a bond covenant to stipulate that thebondholders can demand an additional payment if the company chooses to take on the high-volatility project. How much additional payment to bondholders would make stockholdersindifferent between the two projects? Cash flows pertaining to the two projects are shown inthe table below.    can you hand write please

Mark Sexton and Todd Story, the owners of S&S Air, have decided to expand their operations. They instructed their newly hired financial analyst, Chris Guthrie, to enlist an underwriter to help sell $20 million in new 10-year bonds to finance construction. Chris has entered into discussions with Renata Harper, an underwriter from the firm of Crowe & Mallard, about which bond features S&S Air should consider and what coupon rate the issue will likely have. Although Chris is aware of the bond features, he is uncertain as to the costs and benefits of some features, so he isn’t clear on how each feature would affect the coupon rate of the bond issue. You are Renata’s assistant, and she has asked you to prepare a memo to Chris describing the effect of each of the following bond features on the coupon rate of the bond. She would also like you to list any advantages or disadvantages of each feature. QUESTIONS 1. The security of the bond—that is, whether the bond…