The nitro groups on the benzene ring in the reactant serve two purposes. One is to let you know what atoms in the reactant correspond to what atoms in the product. But what role do the nitro groups play electronically – why would the reaction be much slower if these nitro groups weren’t attached to those benzene carbons? Draw any relevant structures to support your answer

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Diol

In chemistry there are so many chemical compounds that have a hydroxyl group but a chemical compound having two hydroxyl groups (-OH) is termed as a diol. It also implies the presence of two alcohols whereas polyols contain two or more than two hydroxyl groups (-OH). Glycol or 1,2-diol is an aliphatic diol that has two alcohol groups on adjacent carbon atoms. In industries, the most commonly used diol is ethylene glycol.