ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780190931919
Author: NEWNAN
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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4. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases
Suppose there is some hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.75 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining
$0.25.
The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is
Suppose the government in this economy decides to decrease government purchases by $250 billion. The decrease in government spending will lead
to a decrease in income, creating an initial change in consumption equal to
. This decreases income yet again, leading to a
second change in consumption equal to
. The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is
The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD₁) for this economy before the change in government spending.
Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) after the multiplier effect takes place. For simplicity, assume that
there is no "crowding out."
Hint: Be sure that the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) is parallel to the initial aggregate demand curve (AD₁). You can see the slope of AD₁ by
selecting it on the graph.
PRICE LEVEL
140
135
130
125
120
115
110
105
100
0
AD₁
1
1
3
4
5
OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars)
, and the spending multiplier for this economy is
2
6
7
8
AD₂
2
(?)
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Transcribed Image Text:4. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Suppose there is some hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.75 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.25. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is Suppose the government in this economy decides to decrease government purchases by $250 billion. The decrease in government spending will lead to a decrease in income, creating an initial change in consumption equal to . This decreases income yet again, leading to a second change in consumption equal to . The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD₁) for this economy before the change in government spending. Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) after the multiplier effect takes place. For simplicity, assume that there is no "crowding out." Hint: Be sure that the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) is parallel to the initial aggregate demand curve (AD₁). You can see the slope of AD₁ by selecting it on the graph. PRICE LEVEL 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 0 AD₁ 1 1 3 4 5 OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars) , and the spending multiplier for this economy is 2 6 7 8 AD₂ 2 (?)
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