The manager of a men’s clothing catalog measured the market’s response to a $6 decrease in the usual price of his company’s oxford shirts by conducting a sales experiment.  An A-B split was

There are two types of (college graduate) workers in financial industry: A (able) type and C (challenged) type. Potential employers in finance will pay $160,000 a year to a type A and $60,000 to a type C. Unfortunately, employers cannot observe the worker's type while each worker knows his or her own type. However, a market research informs all employers and workers that 60% of the population is type A and 40% is type C. Additionally, it is known to everyone that the worker types differ in their tolerance for taking an analytical course rather than easy ones in college. The A types regard the cost of each analytical course as equivalent to $3,000 a year of salary, while the C types regard it as $15,000 a year of salary. Alternative employment opportunities outside of the financial industry yield the A types a salary of $125,000 and the C types a salary of $30,000. Suppose an employer in this industry use this differential to screen his applicants and tell the A types from the C types.…

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Exercise 1.4. There are two players. Each player is given an unmarked envelope and asked to put in it either nothing or $300 of his own money or $600. A referee collects the envelopes, opens them, gathers all the money, then adds 50% of that amount (using his own money) and divides the total into two equal parts which he then distributes to the players. (a) Represent this game frame with two alternative tables: the first table showing in each cell the amount of money distributed to Player 1 and the amount of money distributed to Player 2, the second table showing the change in wealth of each player (money received minus contribution). (b) Suppose that Player 1 has some animosity towards the referee and ranks the outcomes in terms of how much money the referee loses (the more, the better), while Player 2 is selfish and greedy and ranks the outcomes in terms of her own net gain. Represent the corresponding game using a table. (c) Is there a strict dominant-strategy equilibrium?