Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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- 3.4. About human skeletal muscle contraction, what are the correct statements? PHYSIOLOGY_basic (OJO) A muscle fiber is made by the parallel apposition of sarcomers. Generation of force relies on the formation of cross-bridges between actin and myosin filaments. In the process of contraction, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is required both to drive the actin-myosin association-dissociation cycle and to recycle calcium back to the endoplasmic reticulum. Each muscle fiber is innervated by one neuron only. T tubules are plasma membrane invaginations of the sarcolemma that allow excitation-contraction coupling.arrow_forwardUsing pyramidal motor tract as a template, describe the voluntary control of skeletal muscles being sure to use appropriate course terminology. Start from the very first neuron and end with neural innervation onto muscle fiber.arrow_forwardTropmyosin and Troponin are called the regulatory proteins in muscle contraction. Describe the myofibril organization and specific structural and functional role of these two proteins in muscle contraction-relaxation cycle.arrow_forward
- Seconds Put the steps of excitation-contraction in order: 1 Myosin "heads" pivot, cause [ Choose ] Calcium is taken back up and the muscle relaxes Action potential triggers Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum ACh produces large EPSP in muscle fiber 4 Muscle contracts Binding of Ca2+ to troponin causes myosin to bind to actin 5. EPSP evokes muscle action potential Alpha motor neurons release ACh Myosin "heads" pivot, cause filaments to walk along filament 7 [ Choose ) 8. [Choose ]arrow_forwardPlease help in answering this question on toadfish physiology and muscle contractions.arrow_forwardWhen utilizing microprocessor technology for testing muscle strength, you are typically looking at what form of muscle contraction? Concentric Isokinetic Isometric Eccentricarrow_forward
- When motor units are recruited to participate in tension development in a muscle, the order of recruitment is typically: Question 13 options: from slow twitch to fast twitch from fast twitch to slow twitch it depends on the type of contraction related to the size and shape of the musclearrow_forwardMatch the following types of contractions: The stimulus above which no stronger contraction can be elicited, because all motor units are firing in the muscle Determined by alternating motor units of a muscle organ even when the muscle is at rest Continued sustained smooth contraction due to rapid stimulation The situation in which contractions become stronger due to stimulation before complete relaxation occurs How a smooth increase in muscle force is produced [Choose] [Choose ] [Choose] [Choose] [Choose]arrow_forwardCa2+ does not play a role in muscle relaxation true or falsearrow_forward
- Electrical stimulation of skeletal muscle at 5Hz results in a single muscle twitch. Define the stages and stimulation rates required to achieve a fused tetanus.arrow_forwardIn which type(s) of muscle cells does each cell have its own neuromuscular junction? skeletal only unitary smooth and skeletal skeletal and cardiac 2. The follow is NOT true of CARDIAC muscle fibers: - connected by gap junctions - include pacemaker cells that can produce produce action potentials at regular intervals without innervation - without calcium cross bridge cycles will not occur and fibers will not shorten - each cell in a motor unit has a neuromuscular junction with the same motor neuron actin and myosin filaments are arranged in sarcomeres produce greater force when stretched than at resting length 3. Match the following: -Skeletal muscle -Cardiac muscle -Smooth muscle Can maintain prolonged isometric contractions with very little energy Striated muscle fibers with gap…arrow_forwardThe size principle requires that the muscle fibers controlled by a single motor unit are all the same fiber type True Falsearrow_forward
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