The following figure shows a TCP transaction. Assume Host A always has data to send, and each packet has size 20 Bytes. Assume Host A has a sending window of 40 Bytes, that is, it can send two "in-flight" packets maximum. Answer the following questions. A. At the time marked "1", i.e., when the first packet times out, will Host A send any packet? if your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them? B. At the time marked "2", i.e., when the ACK of the 2nd packet is received by Host A, will Host A send any packet? if your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them? Host A Host B Seq=80, 20 bytes of data Seq=100, 20 bytes of data timeout -

Database System Concepts
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ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
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The following figure shows a TCP transaction. Assume Host A always has data to send, and each packet has size 20 Bytes. Assume Host A has a sending window of 40 Bytes, that is, it can send two “in-flight” packets maximum. Answer the following questions. 

A. At the time marked “1”, i.e., when the first packet times out, will Host A send any packet? If your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them?

B. At the time marked “2”, i.e., when the ACK of the 2ⁿᵈ packet is received by Host A, will Host A send any packet? If your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them?

### Diagram Description

The diagram illustrates a TCP transaction between two hosts: Host A and Host B. 

- Host A sends two packets to Host B:
  - The first packet has the sequence number 80 and contains 20 bytes of data.
  - The second packet has the sequence number 100 and also contains 20 bytes of data.

- A timeout occurs, marked as "1" in red, which means that the first packet did not receive an acknowledgment (ACK) within the expected time.

- The second packet is successfully received by Host B, and an ACK is sent back to Host A, marked as "2" in red.

- The diagram includes a red "X" indicating a lost packet or communication failure for the packet with sequence number 80.

Overall, the diagram is used to explain when Host A will decide to resend packets or send new packets based on the ACKs and timeouts it experiences during the TCP transaction.
Transcribed Image Text:The following figure shows a TCP transaction. Assume Host A always has data to send, and each packet has size 20 Bytes. Assume Host A has a sending window of 40 Bytes, that is, it can send two “in-flight” packets maximum. Answer the following questions. A. At the time marked “1”, i.e., when the first packet times out, will Host A send any packet? If your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them? B. At the time marked “2”, i.e., when the ACK of the 2ⁿᵈ packet is received by Host A, will Host A send any packet? If your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them? ### Diagram Description The diagram illustrates a TCP transaction between two hosts: Host A and Host B. - Host A sends two packets to Host B: - The first packet has the sequence number 80 and contains 20 bytes of data. - The second packet has the sequence number 100 and also contains 20 bytes of data. - A timeout occurs, marked as "1" in red, which means that the first packet did not receive an acknowledgment (ACK) within the expected time. - The second packet is successfully received by Host B, and an ACK is sent back to Host A, marked as "2" in red. - The diagram includes a red "X" indicating a lost packet or communication failure for the packet with sequence number 80. Overall, the diagram is used to explain when Host A will decide to resend packets or send new packets based on the ACKs and timeouts it experiences during the TCP transaction.
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