The figure above depicts a market that contains a market leader and follower firms. The market leader determines the market price and the follower firms charge that same price. Market demand is given by "D," demand faced by the market leader is "DL," supply of the follower/fringe firms is "SF," marginal revenue of the market leader is "MRL," and marginal cost of the market leader is "MCL. * Provide the market price charged by the leader and followers. How many units are produced by the market leader, the followers, and in total? Calculate the leader's total revenue, the combined revenue of the follower firms, and total market revenue. Calculate the leader's market share. $160 $84 $70 $56 700 B MCL SF DL D MRL 1550 1900 2250 a
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- The figure shows the market demand curve for penicillin, an antibiotic medicine. Initially, the market was supplied by perfectly competitive firms Later, the government granted the exclusive right to produce and sell penicillin to one firm. The figure also shows the marginal revenue curve (MR) of the firm once it begins to operate as a monopoly. The marginal cost is constant at $3, irrespective of the market structure What is the surplus enjoyed by the firm when it is the sole supplier of the medicine? OA. 590 OB. $180 OC. $30 OD. $60 Price/Cost (5) 10 1 10 20 30 40 MR Demand 50 60 70 80 90 Quantity (units)Suppose a monopoly faces the market demand in the nearby figure. It has constant marginal cost equal to $6. Find the perfectly competitive quantity and price assuming the market is made up of producers each with marginal cost $6. Give a numeric answer for each and show them on the graph. What is the efficient quantity? Give a numeric answer and show it on the graph. Which market structure, monopoly or perfect competition, comes closer to achieving the efficient quantity? Now suppose there is a negative externality associated with producing the good of $5 per unit. Now which market structure, monopoly or perfect competition, comes closer to achieving the efficient quantity? Explain briefly.A firm produces output, measured by Q, which is sold in a market in which the price P = 20, regardless of the size of Q. The output is produced using only one input, labor (measured by L); the production function is Q(L) = L. There are many suppliers of labor, and the supply schedule is w = 2L, where w is the wage rate. The firm is a monopsonist in the labor market. a. What wage rate will the monopsonist pay? b. How much extra profit does the firm earn when it pays labor as a monopsonist instead of paying the wage rate that would be observed in a perfectly competitive
- A firm produces output, measured by O, which is sold in a market in which the price P=20. The output is produced using only labor as an input; the production function is Q(L) = L. There are many suppliers of labor, and the supply oflabor is determined by W= 2L, where w is the wage rate. The firm is a monopsonist in the labor market.a) How many units of labor will be hired by the monopsonist? What wage rate will the monopsonist pay? What is the monopsonist's profit?b) If the firm behaves like a firm in a perfectly competitive marker, how many units of labor will the firm hire and what wage the firm will pay? What is the firm's profit?c) What is the dead weight loss ofmonopsony?A monopolistic monopsonist faces labour supply w = 20 + 0.05L, market demand p = 800 – 7.5q and has production function q = 0.1L. Be prepared to provide a labelled diagram to show the amount of labour and the equilibrium wage. How much output will this firm produce? How much labour will the firm hire?The market for fidgets has only three firms, (A, B, and C), that compete in quantities. The market shares of the firms are sA = 60%, sB = 30%, and sC = 10% respectively. The demand in the market is P = 1 − Q. The marginal cost of firm A is zero. (a) Calculate the HHI in this market (in the year of your data). (b) Suppose that firm B buys firm C. (i) What type of merger would this be? (ii) According to EU rules (on HHI level and change), would this merger be concerning? (iii) According to US rules (on HHI level and change), would this merger be concerning? (c) Call the merged firm BC. Suppose that, after the merger, A and BC compete a la Cournot again and the market shares of the firms are in equilibrium sA = 60% and sBC = 40%. What must be the marginal cost firm BC? Comment on your answer
- Suppose that the demand for good x is given by : P=100-8q Marginal cost of production is given by : P=10+2q MR is given by 100-16q What will the equilibrium quantity and price be in a competivite market? Calculate consumer, producer and total surplus. If we contrast this market to one in which good x is produced by a monopoly, what will be the quantity produced and the price each unit will be sold as? Calculate consumer, producer and total surplus. What will be the loss in total surplus due to a monopolist?Consider a firm that is a monopolist in its output market and a monopsonist in the market for labor, the only input, The elasticity of demand for a firms good is -2 and the elasticity of supply for labor 4. Then, the revenue marginal product of labour exceeds the wages by I (insert a number) percent. At the monopoly outcome, the consumers willingness-to-pay for additional output exceeds the marginal cost of production by (insert a number) percent.Consider the dominant firm price leadership model. Suppose there is an increase in fringe firms’ supply. We would predict the following changes in the market: A. the dominant firm price would rise, and its quantity would fall. B. the dominant firm price would fall, and its quantity would fall. C. the dominant firm price would rise, and its quantity would rise. D. the dominant firm price would fall, and its quantity would rise. E. the dominant firm price and quantity would be unchanged.
- Assume that one of the hot dog vendors successfully lobbies the city council to obtain the exclusive right to sell hot dogs within the city limits. This firm buys up all the rest of the hot dog vendors in the city and operates as a monopoly. Assume that this change doesn't affect demand and that the new monopoly's marginal cost curve corresponds exactly to the supply curve on the previous graph. Under this assumption, the following graph shows the demand (D), marginal revenue (MR), and marginal cost (MC) curves for the monopoly firm. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the following graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity of a monopolist. PRICE (Dollars per hot dog) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 45 Monopoly MC MR 90 135 180 225 270 315 QUANTITY (Hot dogs) D 360 405 450 Monopoly Outcome Deadweight Loss ?Consider the welfare effects when the industry operates under a competitive market versus a monopoly. On the monopoly graph, use the black points (plus symbol) to shade the area that represents the loss of welfare, or deadweight loss, caused by a monopoly. That is, show the area that was formerly part of total surplus and now does not accrue to anybody. Deadweight loss occurs when a monopoly controls a market because the resulting equilibrium is different from the competitive outcome, which is efficient. In the following table, enter the price and quantity that would arise in a competitive market; then enter the profit-maximizing price and quantity that would be chosen if a monopolist controlled this market. Market Structure Price Quantity (Dollars) (Hot dogs) Competitive Monopoly Given the summary table of the two different market structures, you can infer that, in general, the price is higher under a_______________, and the…In a monopoly in the long run: A) entry will not occur. B) economic profits will be eliminated by the entry of rival firms. C) economic profits will be reduced, but not eliminated entirely, by the entry of rival firms. D) social surplus is maximized.