The elution of a protein with an isoelectric point of 7.5, is mostly likely to be affected by a change in pH from 7.4 to 6.9 in which type of protein separation technique? a.) size exclusion chromatography b.) SDS-acrylamide gel electrophoresis c.) affinity chromatography d.) ion exchange chromatography

A flat (not spherical) tissue engineered skin (thickness 2.5 mm) is attached to the bottom of a dish and cultured with cell media atop it (which has an oxygen concentration of 0.15 mol/m3). The diffusivity of oxygen in the skin is 3.4 E-9 m2/s, and according to experiments that you’ve performed, you want to make sure that the concentration of oxygen in the device doesn’t fall below 0.06 mol/m3. (Below that concentration harms the cells.) The rate of oxygen consumption is -5.9 E-17 mol/[cell◦s]. What is the maximum cellularity (in cells/mL, three significant digits) that this tissue engineered skin can support?

What is the minimum length of the column required to completely separate the amino acids? What is the time required for solvent elution (i.e. time for all amino acids to exit the column)?

Compare and contrast the following protein characterization techniques in terms of the principles governing their functions.    electrosrapy ionization mass spectrometry vs polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis