The condensed financial statements of Westward Corporation for 2009 and 2008 are presented below.Westward Corporation Westward CorporationBalance Sheet Income StatementDecember 31, 2009 For the Year Ended December 31, 2009Assets Revenues $2,000,000Current assets ExpensesCash and temporary Cost of goods sold 1,080,000investments $ 30,000Selling and administrativeAccounts receivable 70,000Expenses 495,000Inventories 120,000Interest expense 30,000Total current assets 220,000Total expenses 1,605,000Property, plant, and Incomebefore income taxes 395,000equipment (net) 780,000Income tax expense 140,000Total assets $1,000,000Net income $ 255,000Liabilities and Stockholders’ EquityCurrent liabilities $ 80,000Long-term liabilities 300,000Common stockholders’ equity 620,000Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $1,000,000Westward Corporation Westward CorporationBalance Sheet Income StatementDecember 31, 2008 For the Year Ended December 31, 2008Assets Revenues $2,500,000Current assets ExpensesCash and temporary Cost of goods sold 1,750,000investments $ 40,000Selling and administrativeAccounts receivable 90,000Expenses 500,000Inventories 150,000Interest expense 30,000Total current assets 280,000Total expenses 2,280,000Property, plant, and Income before income taxes 220,000equipment (net) 800,000Income tax expense 77,000Total assets $1,080,000Net income $ 143,000Liabilities and Stockholders’ EquityCurrent liabilities $ 140,000Long-term liabilities 320,000Common stockholders’ equity 620,000Total liabilities andstockholders’ equity $1,080,000Select data from fiscal year 2007:Inventory: $100,000Total assets: $900,000Stockholders Equity: $540,000Instructions1. Compute the following listed ratios for 2009 and 2008 showing supporting calculations. a. Current ratiob. Debt to total Assetsc. Times interest earnedd. Inventory turnovere. Profit margin ratiof. Return on common stockholders’ equityg. Return on assets2. Perform horizontal and vertical analysis on Westwards financial statements, show your results. 3. Assess the financial performance of Westward, given the analysis tools used in questions 1 and 2 above. 4. If the company wanted to perform industry comparison analysis, what references would you recommend it use?
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
The condensed financial statements of Westward Corporation for 2009 and 2008 are presented below.Westward Corporation Westward CorporationBalance Sheet Income StatementDecember 31, 2009 For the Year Ended December 31, 2009Assets Revenues $2,000,000Current assets ExpensesCash and temporary Cost of goods sold 1,080,000investments $ 30,000Selling and administrativeAccounts receivable 70,000Expenses 495,000Inventories 120,000Interest expense 30,000Total current assets 220,000Total expenses 1,605,000Property, plant, and Incomebefore income taxes 395,000equipment (net) 780,000Income tax expense 140,000Total assets $1,000,000Net income $ 255,000Liabilities and Stockholders’ EquityCurrent liabilities $ 80,000Long-term liabilities 300,000Common
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