the bacterium clostridium tetani produce a toxin called tetanospasmin, the causative agent os the disease tetanus. the toxin prevents the release of inhibitory transmitters in the CNS and so blocks the resulting IPSPs they would normally generate. what are some of the functions of inhibitory synapses? considering this what symptoms would you expect from the disease tetanus, and why? ( hint: imagine trying to stand up  if all of the muscles in your lower limb contracted at the same time.)

Synaptogenesis is involved in long term memory consolidation. Describe the ways new synapses could form.

E. Many neurotoxins have been used extensively in physiological studies of neurons. When comparing tetrodotoxin found in puffer fish and batrachotoxins from poison dart-frogs, the former had no effect on a neurons resting potential but completely stopped its action potential, whereas the later toxin immediately initiates depolarization of a neuron but prevents repolarization. Can your group hypothesize how these toxins affect the nerve transmission differently? arch entries or author Unread | * |

apucreceptors ava ble at the synapse are reflected in this number. Question 2: In this chapter, we discussed a GABA-gated ion channel that is permeable to Cl. GABA also activates a G-protein-coupled receptor called the GABA receptor, which causes potassium-selective B channels to open. What effect would GABAB receptor activation have on the membrane potential? GABAB receptor activation causes potassium-selective channels to open. As a result this bringhs the

Rlvastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor medication that alleviates symptoms in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Label the following diagram of a synapse during this process.

Short-term memory, like remembering a phone number, is stored as a Long Term Potentiation (LTP) of the synapse. Describe what has changed at the synapse when it has undergone LTP.

The Nervous System Label a diagram of a neuron (individual nerve cell), noting the function of each of the following areas: a. dendrites b. cell body с. ахоп d. synaptic terminal Describe the location and function of myelin. Explain how neurons produce and transmit information, noting: Na*, K*, resting potential, and action potential. Explain the role of the following in transmitting an action potential across the synapse: .synaptic terminal of presynaptic neuron b. synaptic cleft c. neurotransmitter d. postsynaptic neuron receptor The Endocrine System Define hormone, noting the three different types of hormones. Define negative feedback and provide a few examples. Explain the dangers of synthetic hormones. Animal Reproduction and Development Define asexual reproduction. a. Define fission and provide an example. b. Define budding and provide an example. c. Define fragmentation/regeneration and provide an еxample. d. Define parthenogenesis and provide an example. State the advantages…

Which of the following statements best describes the axonal projection patterns of upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex?     Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex are cholinergic and their axons project directly to muscle fibres to control voluntary muscle movements.     Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex are glutamatergic and their axons project to the thalamus, brain stem and directly to muscle fibres to control voluntary muscle movements.     Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex project to the spinal cord where they synapse with cholinergic lower motoneurons that control voluntary muscle movements.     Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex project to neurons in the cerebellum, thalamus and brain stem that in turn contact lower motoneurons in the spinal cord to control voluntary muscle movements.

Match the following statements to the correct neurotransmitter of the autonomic nervous system.  Select "Both" if the statement is true of both neurotransmitters. Secreted by cholinergic fibers. Receptors for this neurotransmitter may cause either excitatory or inhibitory responses. Bind(s) to adrenergic receptors. Receptors for this neurotransmitter are found on all autonomic postganglionic neurons. This neurotransmitter can increase heart rate. ANSWER OPTIONS: Acetylcholine or Norepinephrine? Both?

Alzheimer’s disease is thought to cause a DECREASE in the amount of acetylcholine (ACH) being released into the synaptic cleft in specific parts of the brain. What would be a possible treatment for this disease?  (So basically- what would be a possible way to increase the amount of ACH in the synaptic cleft?)