Suppose that two firms, Frankencakes and Thinley's, are the only sellers of crepes in some hypothetical market. The following payoff matrix gives the profit (in millions of dollars) earned by each company depending on whether or not it chooses to advertise: Frankencakes Advertise Thinley's Advertise Doesnt Advertise Doesn't Advertise 3,15 15,3 11, 11 For example, the lower left cell of the matrix shows that it Thinley's advertises and Frankencakes does not advertise, Thinley's will make a profit of $15 million and Frankencakes will make a profit of $1 million. Assume this is a simultaneous name and that Frankencakes and Thinley's are both profit

1. What do we mean by market power in economics? What are some ways firms can attain market power? How can we, as economists, know when a firm has "too much" market power? Give an example of a firm you think has a lot of market power.2. Chapter 3 is all about game theory. Imagine you are in charge of pricing at a firm that has 20% market share in an industry where the leading firm has 50% market share. Imagine that the leader increases prices on their products. How do you think you would react? Why?

MCQ 27 Consider the following game in which two firms (OLD and NEW) are considering whether or not to advertise to increase sales. Each firm knows that the impact on profits depends on what the other firm chooses to do. The possible profit outcomes of the game are shown below, with OLD's profits shown as the first number in each pair and NEW's profits shown as the second number: NEW Advertise Not Advertise Advertise 10, 5 15, 1 OLD Not Advertise 5, 8 20, 3 Assuming the firms aim to earn as much profit as possible, which of the following is TRUE for the game? A I do not want to answer this question. OLD's dominant strategy is to advertise C OLD's dominant strategy is not to advertise NEW's dominant strategy is not to advertise E NEW's dominant strategy is to advertise F the dominant strategy for both OLD and NEW is to advertise

There are two firms in the market (duopoly). These two firms are competingsimultaneously. The first firm chooses its output level (x) by predicting the second firm’soutput (y). Let c denote the total cost function c(x) = x and c(y) = y. Also, let’s assumethat the inverse demand function is p(Y) = 7 - Y where Y = x + y. (1) Obtain the reactionfunction of the first firm. (2) Find the equilibrium (output and profit of each firm) whentwo firms simultaneously compete

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Suppose that GE is trying to prevent Maytag from entering the market for high efficiency clothes dryers. Even though high efficiency dryers are more costly to produce, they are also more profitable as they command sufficiently higher prices from consumers. The following payoffs table shows the annual profits for GE and Maytag for the advertising spending and entry decisions that they are facing.   GE MAYTAG   Advertising = $12m Advertising = $0.7m Stay Out $0, $30m $0, $35m Enter $1m , $20m $12m, $15 Based on this information, can GE successfully prevent Maytag from entering this market by increasing its advertising levels? What is the equilibrium outcome in this game? Suppose that an analyst at GE is convinced that just a little bit more advertising by GE, say another $2m, would be sufficient to deter enough customers from buying Maytag, thus, yield less than $0 profits for Maytag in the event it enters. Suppose that spending an extra $2m on advertising…

3) Recently, a major question in the news is why the Afghan army collapsed so quickly and unexpectedly in the face of the Taliban offensive. To help understand the situation, consider the following simplified model of the situation. Assume that there are two Afghan soldiers in the same unit. Each can stay and fight the Taliban or desert. If both stay and fight, they will win any battle against the Taliban, which each values at 100 utility. If either soldier deserts, the Taliban wins, which they each values at 0 utility. In addition, if only one soldier stays, that soldier will be killed by the Taliban, which he values at -1000 utility. In addition, the Taliban is offering a bounty to any soldier that deserts. ne soldier does not care about this, and would not take the bounty, while the other values the bounty at 50 utility. a. Draw the game based on this scenario. b. Find all pure strategy Nash equilibria c. Find the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium d. What does this game and the…