Suppose that language L1 has CFG, G1 = (V1, e, R1, S1) and language L2 has CFG, G2 = (V2, e, R2, S2) where the alphabet e is the same for both languages and V1 ∩ V2 = ∅. Give a CFG G3 for L1, ○L2 in terms of G1 and G2. You dont have to prove the correctness of your CFG G3. Note that “○” is the concatenation operator.

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Intelligent Machines

Machines that use artificial intelligence to learn from the environment and past experiences to perform better in the presence of variability and uncertainty are called intelligent machines. Intelligence develops according to environment and experience. It is human-like behavior. When the computer system or any programmed machine learns from the inputs and corresponding outputs, it can be called an intelligent machine.