Answered: Suppose a balloon containing 1.62 L of…

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation

9th Edition

ISBN:9781337399425

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter13: Gases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 37QAP

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A 2.8 L balloon is warmed over a toaster, and its temperature rises from 25Cto45C. What is its final volume?
Finding the volume of a flask. A student obtained a clean, dry glass-stoppered flask. She weighed the flask and stopper on an analytical balance and found the total mass to be 34.166g. She then filled the flask with water and obtained a mass for the full stoppered flask of 68.090g. From these data, and the fact that at the temperature of the laboratory the density of water was 0.9975g/mL, find the volume of the stoppered flask. a. First we need to obtain the mass of the water in the flask. This is found by recognizing that the mass of a sample is equal to the sum of the masses of its parts. For the filled, stoppered flask: Massoffilledstopperedflask=massofemptystopperedflask+massofwater,somassofwater=massoffilledflaskmassofemptyflask Massofwater=gg=g Many mass and volume measurements in chemistry are made by the method used in la. This method is called measuring by difference, and is a very useful one. b. The density of a pure substance is equal to its mass divided by its volume: Density=massvolume or volume=massdensity The volume of the flask is equal to the volume of the water it contains. Since we know the mass and density of the water, we can find its volume and that of the flask. Make the necessary calculation. Volumeofwater=volumeofflask=mL
During a recent winter month in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, it was necessary to obtain 3500 kWh of heat provided by a natural gas furnace with 89% efficiency to keep a small house warm (the efficiency of a gas furnace is the percent of the heat produced by combustion that is transferred into the house). (a) Assume that natural gas is pure methane and determine the volume of natural gas in cubic feet that was required to heat the house. The average temperature of the natural gas was 56 F; at this temperature and a pressure of 1 atm, natural gas has a density of 0.68 1 g/L. (b) How many gallons of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) would be required to replace the natural gas used? Assume the LPG is liquid propane [ C3H8 : density, 0.5318 g/mL; enthalpy of combustion, 2219 Id/mo for the formation of CO2(g) and H2O(l) ] and the furnace used to burn the LPG has the same efficiency as the gas furnace. (c) What mass of carbon dioxide is produced by combustion of the methane used to heat the house? (d) What mass of water is produced by combustion of the methane used to heat the house? (e) What volume of air is required to provide the oxygen for the combustion of the methane used to heat the house? Air contains 23% oxygen by mass. The average density of air during the month was 1.22 g/L. (f) How many kilowatt—hours ( 1kWh=3.6106 J) of electricity would be required to provide the heat necessary to heat the house? Note electricity is 100% efficient in producing heat inside a house. (g) Although electricity is 100% efficient in producing heat inside a house, production and distribution of electricity is not 100% efficient. The efficiency of production and distribution of electricity produced in a coal-fired power plant is about 40%. A certain type of coal provides 2.26 kWh per pound upon combustion. What mass of this coal in kilograms will be required to produce the electrical energy necessary to heat the house if the efficiency of generation and distribution is 40%?

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Suppose a balloon containing 1.62 L of air at 25.5°C is placed into a beaker containing a cold liquid at -79.2°C. What is the new volume of the air? Also, what are the initial and final temperatures of the air sample in Kelvin?