Substituents on an aromatic ring can have several effects on electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Substituents can activate or deactivate the ring to substitution, donate or withdraw electrons inductively, donate or withdraw electrons through resonance, and direct substitution either to the ortho/para or to the meta positions. From the lists of substituents, select the substituents that correspond to each indicated property. The substituents are written as -XY, where X is the atom directly bound to the aromatic ring. These substituents activate the ring towards substitution. These substituents withdraw electrons through resonance. O -OCOCH, O -OH O -CI O -COOH O -NH, O -CH3 O -So;H O -CN These substituents give ortho/para-directed substitution. O -F O -NHCOCH, O -COOH O -NO,

Substituents on an aromatic ring can have several effects on electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Substituents can activate or deactivate the ring to substitution, donate or withdraw electrons inductively, donate or withdraw electrons through resonance, and direct substitution either to the ortho/para or to the meta positions. From the lists of substituents, select the substituents that correspond to each indicated property. The substituents are written as -XY, where X is the atom directly bound to the aromatic ring. These substituents activate the ring towards substitution. These substituents withdraw electrons through resonance. O -OCOCH, O -OH O -CI O -COOH O -NH, O -CH3 O -So;H O -CN These substituents give ortho/para-directed substitution. O -F O -NHCOCH, O -COOH O -NO,

Organic Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305580350

Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Publisher:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Chapter21: Benzene And The Concept Of Aromaticity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21.44P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Nitration of an aromatic ring involves an electrophilic substitution reaction. Draw the structure of the electrophile that is attacked by the aromatic ring and the intermediate formed after attachment of the electrophile to the ring. Be sure to show formal charges.
Benzopyrene, naphthalene and pyrene are members of these group of aromaticcompounds: *Non-benzenoid aromatic compoundsHeterocyclic aromatic compoundsBenzenoid aromatic compoundsHeteronuclear compoundsWhat type of aromatic compound is pyridine? *Benzenoid aromatic compoundNon-benzenoid aromatic compoundHomonuclear cyclic compoundHeterocyclic aromatic compoundWhat property of aromatic rings prevent the involvement of the conjugated structure toaddition reactions? *Radical stabilizationResonance stabilityInductive effectAromatic effect
Determine if the following compounds are aromatic, non-aromatic, or anti-aromatic. Show a structure that helps to support your classification. This structure should not just redraw the compound; show lone pairs, resonance, and/or contributing π bonds as part of your explanation.
How many of the following statements are true )Aromatic compounds are especially stable 2) Antiaromatic compounds are especially unstable. 3) When electrophiles add to aromatic rings, the organic product is aromatic 02
All electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions occur via a two-step mechanism: addition of the electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation, followed by deprotonation by a base. In the step shown below, loss of a proton to form the substitution product was drawn using the resonance structure with the + 1 formal charge at the ortho position to the carbon bonded to the electrophile. Redraw the step shown with the other two resonance structures and use curved arrows to show how these other two resonance structures can be converted to the substitution product by removal of a proton with the base shown. Part: 0/2 Part 1 of 2 H :CI-AICI, Draw the mechanism that generates the final substitution product with the +1 formal charge at the para position. Cl HC1 AICI3
A benzene ring alters the reactivity of a neighboring group in the so-called “benzylic” position, similarly to how a double bond alters the reactivity of groups in the “allylic” position. Benzylic cations, anions, and radicals are all more stable than simple alkyl intermediates. a) Use resonance structures to show the delocalization of the positive charge, negative charge, and unpaired electron of the benzyl cation, anion, and radical.
4-pyranone will quickly undergo an acid-base reaction. Identify the reaction conditions that will result in the formation of an aromatic product. Then, draw the aromatic resonance product structure. Include all lone pairs in your structure. Ignore inorganic byproducts. :0: :O:
Show the procedure for Naming Aromatic Rings as Substituents ?
ت ا كل وخویه م اکتریار Q6/ Rank the compounds in each group in order of increasing reactivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution. NH NO2 b) O O D
Fill in the table with the partial charges of the atoms. The atoms are numbered with the following scheme with respect to the substituent on the aromatic ring. x c/ 3. | H./ Atom Chlorobenzene Nitrobenzene Aminobenzene C2 Ca Which substituent results in a ring atom with the greatest positive charge (smallest negative charges)? What is the mechanism that causes this pattern of electron distribution on the aromatic ring? Diagram the mechanism. Which substituent results in a ring atom with the least positive charge (largest negative charges)? What is the mechanism that causes this pattern of electron distribution on the aromatic ring? Diagram the mechanism.
Which of the following compounds are NOT aromatic? A A only OC, D, and E A and C OC and D OB, C, and D ZI
CH=CHNO₂ (2-nitrovinyl)benzene Electrophilic substitution on (2-nitrovinyl)benzene occurs at the meta position. Draw resonance structures to show how the ring is electron-poor at the ortho and para positions. You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate resonance structures using the symbol from the drop-down menu. 0 78 00-F k