Someone claims, based on temperature measurements, that the temperature of a fluid rises during a throttling process in a well-insulated valve with negligible friction. How do you evaluate this claim? Does this process violate any thermodynamic laws?

Explain the concept of entropy and its significance in the second law of thermodynamics. Discuss how entropy changes influence the efficiency of thermal systems.

A-C line Liquid R-134a A rigid container containing 6.6 kg of saturated liquid R-134a at 24°C is used to fill an air-conditioning system. A valve is opened and allows liquid R-134a to escape the tank into the A-C line until only 0.49 kg of R-134a remains in the tank, at which point the valve is closed. During the process, heat transfer is allowed to occur to maintain the tank temperature at 24°C. What is the quality of the refrigerant inside the tank at the end of the process? What is the total heat transfer for this process? KJ

A rigid tank of volume 0.018 m is connected through a closed valve to a vertical cylinder fitted with a freely moveable frictionless heavy piston of area 0.02 m?. Initially, the rigid tank is filled with air at 500 kPa and 25 °C while the cylinder has air of volume 0.015 m³ at 25 °C. In the vicinity, the ambient air pressure is 100 kPa and the gravitational acceleration is 9.81 m/s. It is given that the 2 air can be assumed to behave as an ideal gas with the gas constant R = 0.287 kJ/kg.K. (a) At this initial state, determine the air pressure in the cylinder. The valve is then slowly opened and left opened, allowing the pressurised air from the rigid tank to flow gently into the cylinder, thus lifting the piston. This process continues until the piston comes to rest with the whole connected system reaching its final state of equilibrium. During this entire process, the air temperature in the rigid tank and the cylinder remains constant at 25 °C. (b) Find the mass of the air transferred…