Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696527
Author: J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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- 13. A 3.05 g sample of ammonium nitrate is introduced into an evacuated 2.18 L flask with a fixed volume and then heated to 250.0 °C. What is the total pressure in the flask at 250.0 °C after the ammonium nitrate has completely decomposed according to the reaction below? NHẠNO3(s) → N¿0(g) + 2 H20(g)arrow_forwardAcetylene (C2H2) may be formed from methane (CH4) by pyrolyzing-decomposing at high temperature according to the reaction: 2CH4 (g) → C2H2 (g) + 3H2 (g) In a commercial reactor system, the methane is supplied as a liquid at 25°C to a heater where it is heated and vapourised leaving as a vapour at 650°C. The vapour then passes to the catalytic reactor in which a conversion of 40% is achieved. It may be assumed that there are no other reactions, that operation is at a pressure of one atmosphere and that the stream leaving the reactor is all in the vapour state. With a complete block diagram of the process, determine the heat transfer rate (kW) required to the reactor if it is operated isothermally. Evaluate on the value of the heat transfer rate obtained from your calculation. Component State Δ?? °(kJ/mol) Cp (kJ/mol·K) Methane Liquid ----------- ---------- Gas -74.85 0.34 Acetylene Liquid ---------- ---------- Gas 226.75 0.42 Hydrogen Gas ---------- 0.059 The Cp…arrow_forwardRef Example 9.5-3: The dehydrogenation of ethanol to form acetaldehyde is carried out in a continuous adiabatic reactor. Ethanol vapor is fed to the reactor at 400 °C, and a conversion of 30% is obtained. Calculate the product Temperature. CpSisto 48 có xio 7 +2.38 X10 T 05 x 10-872 C₂H5OH(v)→ CH3CHO(v) + H₂(g) Solution REACTOR 100 mol C₂H5OH(v) 400°C C₂H50H (V), CH³ CHO (V), H₂ a 70 mol C₂H5OH(v) 30 mol CH3CHO(v) 30 mol H₂(g) Tad (°C)arrow_forward
- The equilibrium constant with respect to temperature can be expressed for the reaction: Cyclohexane (g)! <--> methylcyclopentane (g) as: LnK = 4.814-2059/T. If placed to react 3 moles cyclohexane in a 5 liter container at a certain temperature and when equilibrium is reached, 8000 J of heat is released, Calculate the temperature of the container.arrow_forwardPotassium fluotitanate (K₂TiF₆), a starting material forproducing other titanium salts, is made by dissolvingtitanium(IV) oxide in concentrated HF, adding aqueous KF, andthen heating to dryness to drive off excess HF. The impure solidis recrystallized by dissolving in hot water and then cooling to 0°C, which leaves excess KF in solution. For the reaction of 5.00 g of TiO₂, 250. mL of hot water is used to recrystallize theproduct. How many grams of purified K₂TiF₆ are obtained?(Solubility of K₂TiF₆ in water at 0°C is 0.60 g/100)arrow_forwardMonochlorobenzene (M) is produced commercially by the direct catalytic chlorination of benzene (B) at 50.0 °C and 140.0 kPa absolute. In the process, dichlorobenzene (D) is generated as a co-product: CH6 + Cl2- CgH;CI + HCI CGH5CI + Cl2 – C&H4CI2 + HCI Liquid and gas streams leave the reactor. The liquid contains 39.2 wt% M, 32.6 % D, and the remainder unreacted B. The gas, which is sent to a treatment facility, contains 92.0 %(v/v) HCl and 8 % unreacted chlorine. Assume ideal-gas behavior. Volume of Gas Check stoichiometry and gas behavior. What volume of gas leaves the reactor (m³) per kg B fed? i ! m3arrow_forward
- Ammonia is produced by the catalytic reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen.a) Write the chemical reaction and balance it. Determine the stoichiometric coefficients.b) If 15 mol/sec of H2 is fed to the reactor, determine the amount of N2 required if a 20.%excess (of N2) is desired.c) If 5.0 mol/sec of H2 exits the catalytic reactor, determine: - the number of moles of all three components exiting the reactor. - the conversion of H2 and N2. -the exiting concentration of H2, N2, and ammonia.d) What are strategies to increase the conversion of H2?arrow_forwardA gas mixture is at 20 °C and 1.4 atm, occupying a volume of 150 m^3 and is composed as follows; C2H6 40% and SO2 60% by volume. This mixture is fed to a reactor where the following reaction takes place with an efficiency of 90% and in a gaseous state. 7 C₂H6+02 → 2C0₂ + 3H₂0 2 Another line feeds the reactor with 4.8 kg of oxygen (02) so that the reaction can take place. Once the reaction is complete, the gases will leave the reactor at a temperature of 145 °C and a pressure of 2 atm. Determine at the reactor outlet a) The density in g/L of the gas mixture b) The mass fraction of the gas mixture C₂H6 0₂ CO₂ H₂O SO₂arrow_forwardPlease note when values are sourced from an appendix/table. Include any assumptions.arrow_forward
- #3 The first step in the reaction sequence for the production of nitric acid via the oxidation of ammonia is: 4NH3 + 502 2 4NO + 6H2O 75% conversion is achieved with an equimolar mixture of ammonia and oxygen fed at the rate of 100 mol/h. Determine the outlet compositions. (Hint: determine the limiting reactant).arrow_forwardAmmonia is oxidized in a continuous reactor 4NH3 g + 5O2 g --> 4NO g + 6H2O g delta AHr= -904.7KJ mol The feed stream (40 mole% NH3 and 60 mole% O2 )enters the reactor at 200 degrees celsius with 80% conversion of ammonia and the products leave at 300 degrees celsius. Determine the quantity of heat required to be added or removed from the reactor.arrow_forwardUse the chemical reaction below to answer the following questions HCI(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O (I) AH298 = -58 kJ/mol (a) How much heat is produced when 200 mL of 0.3 M HCL (density = 1.00 g/mL) and 250 mL of 0.25 M NaOH (density = 1.00 g/mL) are mixed? (b) If both of the solutions at the same temperature and the heat capacity of the products are 5.39 J/g °C , how much will the temperature increase? (c) What assumptions are made when calculating your answersarrow_forward
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