Several of the molecules called vitamins act as enzyme cofactors. Vitamin deficiencies cause disease. What is the most direct explanation for this? a) If cofactors are missing, enzymes cannot function properly, and important reaction products will be absent from cells. b) Vitamins combine with nonprotein molecules to delay the onset of disease. c) Cofactors inhibit enzymes found in disease-causing bacteria and viruses. When cofact are absent, these disease-causing agents multiply. d) Normal regulation cannot occur in the absence of cofactors. As a result, all enzymes will function all of the time.

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We have talked about in lecture about metamorphic grade, and about the difference between progradeand retrograde mineral reactions. One such possible mineral reaction is as follows:orthoclase + sillimanite + H2O = muscovite + quartz 3a: Write a balanced chemical reaction for the above minerals, given that the formula for muscovite isK2Al6Si6O20(OH)4  3b: Indicate which reaction direction (left to right, right to left) is the prograde direction, and explainwhy you think that.

INSTRUCTIONS a. Determine the most probable products from the given reactants based on the indicated reaction type. Write NO REACTION if the reaction will not proceed based on the given reactants. b. IF THE REACTION PROCEEDS: Balance the equation. c. IF THE REACTION PROCEEDS: Assign the oxidation numbers for all atoms in the equation and indicate whether it is a redox reaction or not. d. FOR REDOX REACTIONS: Identify the reduction and oxidation half-reactions, as well as the reducing and oxidizing agents.