Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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![The image depicts a chemical reaction mechanism commonly found in organic synthesis, possibly illustrating a Wittig reaction. Here is a transcribed and detailed explanation fit for an educational website:
---
### Reaction Mechanism Overview
**Starting Material**:
- The reaction begins with an unspecified substrate placed in a bounded rectangle marked by the number [3].
**Reaction Steps**:
1. **Reagents and Conditions**:
- **PPh₃ (Triphenylphosphine), 1.0 equivalent**: This reagent is involved in the formation of a phosphonium ylide, a key intermediate in Wittig reactions.
- **nBuLi (n-Butyllithium), 1.0 equivalent**: A strong base, n-Butyllithium, is used to deprotonate a phosphonium salt to form the corresponding ylide.
2. **Mechanism**:
- An arrow is shown directing from the starting material to the products, indicating the progression of the reaction. The addition of PPh₃ and nBuLi facilitates the conversion of the substrate.
3. **Products**:
- The structure on the right shows a cyclic compound with a double bond and a keto group, along with an alkyl chain. This product results from the reaction of the ylide with a carbonyl compound.
- Additional by-products include **O=PPh₃ (Triphenylphosphine oxide)** and **LiBr (Lithium bromide)**.
The entire setup corresponds to a typical preparation and reaction sequence, effectively illustrating principles of organophosphorus chemistry and practical aspects of synthetic methodology in organic chemistry.
---
This mechanism is commonly featured in advanced organic chemistry courses and research settings, highlighting the utility and versatility of Wittig reactions in the synthesis of alkenes.](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/35cb1f9a-eea2-4801-907c-685eecc2bd2a/01c49bf5-1bbb-41ec-99b1-30e8454826e8/d6ev3si_processed.png)
Transcribed Image Text:The image depicts a chemical reaction mechanism commonly found in organic synthesis, possibly illustrating a Wittig reaction. Here is a transcribed and detailed explanation fit for an educational website:
---
### Reaction Mechanism Overview
**Starting Material**:
- The reaction begins with an unspecified substrate placed in a bounded rectangle marked by the number [3].
**Reaction Steps**:
1. **Reagents and Conditions**:
- **PPh₃ (Triphenylphosphine), 1.0 equivalent**: This reagent is involved in the formation of a phosphonium ylide, a key intermediate in Wittig reactions.
- **nBuLi (n-Butyllithium), 1.0 equivalent**: A strong base, n-Butyllithium, is used to deprotonate a phosphonium salt to form the corresponding ylide.
2. **Mechanism**:
- An arrow is shown directing from the starting material to the products, indicating the progression of the reaction. The addition of PPh₃ and nBuLi facilitates the conversion of the substrate.
3. **Products**:
- The structure on the right shows a cyclic compound with a double bond and a keto group, along with an alkyl chain. This product results from the reaction of the ylide with a carbonyl compound.
- Additional by-products include **O=PPh₃ (Triphenylphosphine oxide)** and **LiBr (Lithium bromide)**.
The entire setup corresponds to a typical preparation and reaction sequence, effectively illustrating principles of organophosphorus chemistry and practical aspects of synthetic methodology in organic chemistry.
---
This mechanism is commonly featured in advanced organic chemistry courses and research settings, highlighting the utility and versatility of Wittig reactions in the synthesis of alkenes.
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