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Several cell culture lines of epithelial cells, called “Cell Line A, B, or C,” are incubated with 104 infectious particles of influenza virus, and viral titers in the culture media are measured 2 days later. Looking at the results of this experiment, it is apparent that the three lines do not all show the same response to the virus. To investigate

Several cell culture lines of epithelial cells, called “Cell Line A, B, or C,” are incubated with 104 infectious particles of influenza virus, and viral titers in the culture media are measured 2 days later. Looking at the results of this experiment, it is apparent that the three lines do not all show the same response to the virus. To investigate

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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Several cell culture lines of epithelial cells, called “Cell Line A, B, or C,” are incubated with 104 infectious particles of influenza virus, and viral titers in the culture media are measured 2 days later. Looking at the results of this experiment, it is apparent that the three lines do not all show the same response to the virus. To investigate these differences, mixing experiments are performed, where cells from two different cell lines are mixed together at a 1:1 ratio before the Influenza infection. 

Based on the results shown in the figure below, propose an explanation for these data.

This bar graph illustrates the amount of Influenza virus, measured in Plaque-Forming Units per milliliter (PFU/ml), across different cell lines. The x-axis represents five different conditions: Cell line A, Cell line B, Cell line C, Cell lines A + B, and Cell lines B + C. The y-axis, on a logarithmic scale, depicts the titer of Influenza virus ranging from \(10^4\) to \(10^7\) PFU/ml. ### Detailed Analysis: - **Cell line A (Yellow Bar)**: - The virus titer is around \(10^7\) PFU/ml, indicating a high level of virus production. - This is the highest value among the presented data. - **Cell line B (Blue Bar)**: - The virus titer is roughly \(10^5\) PFU/ml. - This is the lowest value among the individual cell lines. - **Cell line C (Red Bar)**: - The virus titer is also around \(10^7\) PFU/ml, similar to Cell line A. - **Cell lines A + B (Green Bar)**: - The virus titer is approximately \(10^5\) PFU/ml, indicating similar results to Cell line B. - **Cell lines B + C (Purple Bar)**: - The virus titer is around \(10^6\) PFU/ml. - This value is higher than the individual Cell line B and combination of A + B but lower than Cell lines A and C. ### Error Bars: Each bar includes an error bar, which depicts the standard deviation, indicating the variability of the virus titer measurement for each condition. Larger error bars signify greater variability in the measurements. ### Conclusion: The graph provides a clear comparison of how different cell lines and their combinations influence the production of Influenza virus. Cell lines A and C show the highest levels of virus production, while Cell line B yields the lowest. Combined cell lines (A + B and B + C) exhibit intermediate virus production levels.
Transcribed Image Text:This bar graph illustrates the amount of Influenza virus, measured in Plaque-Forming Units per milliliter (PFU/ml), across different cell lines. The x-axis represents five different conditions: Cell line A, Cell line B, Cell line C, Cell lines A + B, and Cell lines B + C. The y-axis, on a logarithmic scale, depicts the titer of Influenza virus ranging from \(10^4\) to \(10^7\) PFU/ml. ### Detailed Analysis: - **Cell line A (Yellow Bar)**: - The virus titer is around \(10^7\) PFU/ml, indicating a high level of virus production. - This is the highest value among the presented data. - **Cell line B (Blue Bar)**: - The virus titer is roughly \(10^5\) PFU/ml. - This is the lowest value among the individual cell lines. - **Cell line C (Red Bar)**: - The virus titer is also around \(10^7\) PFU/ml, similar to Cell line A. - **Cell lines A + B (Green Bar)**: - The virus titer is approximately \(10^5\) PFU/ml, indicating similar results to Cell line B. - **Cell lines B + C (Purple Bar)**: - The virus titer is around \(10^6\) PFU/ml. - This value is higher than the individual Cell line B and combination of A + B but lower than Cell lines A and C. ### Error Bars: Each bar includes an error bar, which depicts the standard deviation, indicating the variability of the virus titer measurement for each condition. Larger error bars signify greater variability in the measurements. ### Conclusion: The graph provides a clear comparison of how different cell lines and their combinations influence the production of Influenza virus. Cell lines A and C show the highest levels of virus production, while Cell line B yields the lowest. Combined cell lines (A + B and B + C) exhibit intermediate virus production levels.
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